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. 2022 Jul 1;9:19. doi: 10.1186/s40621-022-00384-8

Table 1.

Coded variables, percent completed (information was available from the news reports), percent yes for completed variable, percent yes for all 418 cases

Variable Completion rate (418 cases) (%) % Yes in completed cases (%) % Yes in all 418 cases (%)
US state 100
Month 100
Exact time 79
Did the incident take place inside 88 51 45
Did the incident take place at the victim’s home 94 58 55
Was there a female defender 98 10 10
Was there a female perpetrator 99 9 9
Did the perpetrator have a gun 78 62 48
If the perpetrator had a gun, did they fire it 82 68 56
Did the defender fire any shots 99 90 90
Did the defender fire more than one shot 56 65 36
Did the defender fire any warning shots 54 10 5
Any victim fatalities 100 5 5
Any perpetrator fatalities 100 35 35
Was the defenders gun a handgun 48 91 44
Where was the defender’s gun* 88
 In their home 47 41
 On their person 36 32
 At their workplace 8 7
 In their car 5 4
Relationship between perps and victims* 72
 Strangers 39 28
 Acquaintance 19 14
 Romantic 15 11
 Family 9 6
The defender, a security guard/off-duty police 72 9 6
Did the incident occur in the daytime 86 31 27
Were illegal drugs involved 64 11 7
Was alcohol involved 54 10 5
Was it difficult to determine criminal vs victim 99 19 19
Any female victims 98 26 26
Was the defender arrested 97 9 9
If arrested, was the defender charged 77 56 43
Was the perpetrator arrested 99 42 42
If arrested, was the perpetrator charged 74 98 73
Did the defenders action (help) lead to the arrest of the perpetrator 99 31 31

*Only the 4 most common places or relationships are listed in descending order