Table 4.
The association between frequency and type of SP and frailty based on time-varying Cox regression among respondents frail at baseline (n = 3349)*
| Respondents frail at the baseline | ||
|---|---|---|
| HR (95%CI) | P value | |
| SP | ||
| Occasional | 1.02 (0.88, 1.19) | 0.763 |
| Weekly | 1.13 (0.95, 1.33) | 0.157 |
| Daily | 1.39 (1.23, 1.57) | < 0.001 |
| IWF | ||
| Occasional | 1.01 (0.85, 1.19) | 0.941 |
| Weekly | 1.27 (1.05, 1.53) | 0.012 |
| Daily | 1.34 (1.18, 1.53) | < 0.001 |
| MCCC | ||
| Occasional | 1.08 (0.87, 1.35) | 0.476 |
| Weekly | 1.20 (0.96, 1.50) | 0.116 |
| Daily | 1.60 (1.29, 1.98) | < 0.001 |
| DFQ | ||
| Occasional | 1.39 (0.84, 2.29) | 0.198 |
| Weekly | 0.90 (0.50, 1.64) | 0.733 |
| Daily | 1.63 (1.27, 2.08) | < 0.001 |
| CRO | ||
| Occasional | 1.10 (0.62, 1.94) | 0.753 |
| Weekly | 1.72 (0.92, 3.22) | 0.088 |
| Daily | 3.06 (1.27, 7.37) | 0.013 |
| VOC | ||
| Occasional | 0.96 (0.8, 1.15) | 0.662 |
| Weekly | 0.90 (0.65, 1.23) | 0.499 |
| Daily | 1.09 (0.72, 1.64) | 0.689 |
| INT | ||
| Occasional | 2.39 (1.11, 5.16) | 0.027 |
| Weekly | 1.60 (0.56, 4.54) | 0.380 |
| Daily | 0.87 (0.42, 1.80) | 0.713 |
SP Social participation, IWF Interacting with friends, MCCC Playing mah-jong, chess, cards or visiting community clubs, DFQ Going to community-organized dancing, fitness, qigong and so on, CRO Participating in community-related organizations, HR Hazard ratio, CI Confidence Interval
*The intensity of each SP type of was set as time-variant exposure. “None” group was set as the reference. Age, marital status, hukou status, public health insurance coverage, current work status, alcohol intake, smoking status and household per capita consumption were controlled as time-variant covariates, and gender, education level and rural/urban residence were controlled as fixed covariates