Table 1.
Plasma ghrelin, CCK, PYY, and GLP-1 concentrations at baseline and following intragastric or intraduodenal administration of quinine in healthy men and women
| Male | Female | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IG-QHCl | ID-QHCl | P values | IG-QHCl | ID-QHCl | P values | |
| Plasma ghrelin | ||||||
| Fasting concentration, pg/mL | 1499 ± 160 | 1560 ± 163 | 0.243 | 1643 ± 214 | 1645 ± 200 | 0.989 |
| iAUCinv0-120min, pg/mL × min | 5724 ± 5693 | 19894 ± 5276 | 0.006 | 15133 ± 5442 | 28384 ± 5412 | 0.007 |
| iAUCinv0-60min, pg/mL × min | 2940 ± 1891 | 7550 ± 1739 | 0.019 | 4983 ± 1795 | 9673 ± 1795 | 0.013 |
| AUCinv60-120min, pg/mL × min | 2468 ± 4189 | 12197 ± 3873 | 0.010 | 10292 ± 4002 | 19032 ± 4002 | 0.015 |
| Plasma CCK | ||||||
| Fasting concentration, mmol/L | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 0.407 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.430 |
| AUC0-120min, pmol/L × min | 174 ± 20 | 261 ± 20 | 0.002 | 199 ± 20 | 234 ± 20 | 0.147 |
| AUC0-60min, pmol/L × min | 85 ± 13 | 148 ± 13 | 0.006 | 105 ± 13 | 151 ± 13 | 0.030 |
| AUC60-120min, pmol/L × min | 91 ± 9 | 107 ± 9 | 0.134 | 92 ± 9 | 85 ± 9 | 0.538 |
| Peak concentration, pmol/L | 2.4 ± 0.4 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 0.010 | 3.1 ± 0.4 | 4.2 ± 0.4 | 0.050 |
| Time to peak concentration, min | 33 ± 5 | 18 ± 5 | 0.020 | 42 ± 5 | 25 ± 5 | 0.010 |
| Plasma PYY | ||||||
| Fasting concentration, pmol/L | 32.2 ± 3.6 | 33.9 ± 2.6 | 0.199 | 29.9 ± 3.9 | 29.4 ± 4.3 | 0.920 |
| AUC0-120min, pmol/L × min | 4215 ± 239 | 5068 ± 232 | 0.017 | 3983 ± 235 | 4879 ± 239 | 0.013 |
| AUC0-60min, pmol/L × min | 1973 ± 102 | 2390 ± 99 | 0.010 | 1902 ± 100 | 2268 ± 101 | 0.022 |
| AUC60-120min, pmol/L × min | 2242 ± 154 | 2669 ± 149 | 0.048 | 2090 ± 151 | 2609 ± 154 | 0.020 |
| Plasma GLP-1 | ||||||
| Fasting concentration, pmol/L | 11.5 ± 1.3 | 12.0 ± 1.5 | 0.283 | 9.8 ± 1.10 | 9.7 ± 1.0 | 0.458 |
| AUC0-120min, pmol/L × min | 1480 ± 99 | 1808 ± 99 | 0.025 | 1377 ± 98 | 1685 ± 99 | 0.034 |
| AUC0-60min, pmol/L × min | 675 ± 43 | 819 ± 43 | 0.028 | 623 ± 43 | 746 ± 43 | 0.054 |
| AUC60-120min, pmol/L × min | 791 ± 66 | 985 ± 66 | 0.040 | 739 ± 66 | 926 ± 66 | 0.046 |
Data are means ± SEMs. n = 14 in each group, except for ghrelin (n = 12).
Abbreviations: AUC, area under the curve; CCK, cholecystokinin; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; iAUCinv, inverted incremental AUC; ID-QHCl, intraduodenal quinine hydrochloride; IG-QHCl, intragastric quinine hydrochloride; PYY, peptide-YY. There were no effects of sex on plasma ghrelin, CCK, PYY, or GLP-1 after either IG-QHCl or ID-QHCl.