Table 3.
Factors Related to COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Central Java, 2021
| Variables | Vaccination Acceptance | Bivariate Analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No n (%) | Yes n (%) | Crude ORa | 95% CI | p-value | |
| Place of residence | |||||
| Rural | 25 (9.6) | 235 (90.4) | 3.085 | 1.363–6.981 | 0.005* |
| Urban | 8 (3.3) | 232 (96.7) | Ref | ||
| Age | |||||
| Elderly (>60 years) | 11 (29.7) | 26 (70.3) | 8.481 | 3.717–19.348 | <0.001* |
| Adult (18–59 years) | 22 (4.8) | 441 (95.2) | Ref | ||
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 8 (7.6) | 97 (92.4) | 1.221 | 0.534–2.791 | 0.636 |
| Female | 25 (6.3) | 370 (93.7) | Ref | ||
| Education level | |||||
| Low | 17 (11.1) | 136 (88.9) | 2.661 | 1.071–6.613 | 0.030* |
| Moderate | 9 (4.7) | 182 (95.3) | 1.053 | 0.383–2.893 | 0.921 |
| High | 7 (4.5) | 149 (95.5) | Ref | ||
| Employment status | |||||
| Unemployed | 20 (8.6) | 212 (91.4) | 1.851 | 0.899–3.808 | 0.090 |
| Employed | 13 (4.9) | 255 (95.1) | Ref | ||
| Having comorbidity | |||||
| Yes | 18 (18.4) | 80 (81.6) | 5.085 | 2.808–12.001 | <0.001* |
| No | 15 (3.7) | 387 (96.3) | Ref | ||
| Belief that vaccines could prevent the infection of COVID-19 | |||||
| No | 17 (23.9) | 54 (76.1) | 8.126 | 3.880–17.019 | <0.001* |
| Yes | 16 (3.7) | 413 (96.3) | Ref | ||
| Belief that vaccines could prevent severe symptoms of COVID-19 | |||||
| No | 15 (23.8) | 48 (76.2) | 7.274 | 3.445–15.361 | <0.001* |
| Yes | 18 (4.1) | 419 (95.9) | Ref | ||
| Belief in the halalness of COVID-19 vaccines | |||||
| No | 11 (27.5) | 29 (72.5) | 7.552 | 3.341–17.070 | <0.001* |
| Yes | 22 (4.8) | 438 (95.2) | Ref | ||
| Information exposure | |||||
| No | 7 (30.4) | 16 (69.6) | 7.589 | 2.871–20.063 | <0.001* |
| Yes | 26 (5.5) | 451 (94.5) | |||
| Knowledge | |||||
| Poor | 3 (27.3) | 8 (72.7) | 7.838 | 1.931–31.805 | 0.015* |
| Moderate | 10 (19.6) | 41 (80.4) | 5.098 | 2.236–11.621 | <0.001* |
| Good | 20 (4.6) | 418 (95.4) | Ref | ||
| Vaccination-related anxiety level | |||||
| Severe | 1 (50) | 1 (50) | 17.148 | 1.044–281.668 | 0.111 |
| Mild-moderate | 5 (62.5) | 3 (37.5) | 28.580 | 6.486–125.931 | <0.001* |
| Normal | 27 (5.5) | 463 (94.5) | Ref | ||
Notes: *significant if p-value < 0.05. aOdds ratio.