Effect of gradual addition of ethanol on antifungal activity of L. coryniformis subsp. coryniformis Si3. Erlenmeyer flasks (250 ml), plugged with cotton (to allow air access), with 200 ml of MRS broth were inoculated with 5 × 105 cells per ml and incubated as still cultures at 30°C. Ethanol was added to reach a theoretical concentration of 2 mg/ml at 7 h, 3 mg/ml at 12 h, and 5 mg/ml at 15 h and a final concentration of 7 mg/ml at the early stationary phase. Cell numbers (●), antifungal activity (■), and pH (○) results are shown.