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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 9.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroinformatics. 2022 Jan 3;20(2):483–505. doi: 10.1007/s12021-021-09553-4

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

PheDAS applied to a synthetic dataset. a) Volcano plot resulting from a PheDAS without covariates. pyPheWAS successfully identified the nine primary PheCode associations in the synthetic dataset and ignored the twenty background associations. The confounded PheCodes (Breast cancer [female] and Mild cognitive impairment) were also identified as significant. b) Volcano plot resulting from a PheDAS with the Sex and MaxAgeAtVisit covariates. Controlling for sex and age effects successfully repressed findings from confounded PheCodes (Breast cancer [female] and Mild cognitive impairment)