Table 4.

Levels of cytokines in HCWs with nonsevere and severe COVID-19.

Categories	All (N = 534)	Nonsevere (N = 198)	Severe (N = 336)	P
IFN-γ (pg/ml)	1.04 (0.96-1.16)	1.04 (0.96-1.16)	1.04 (0.96-1.16)	0.881
Elevated	1 (0.2%)	1 (0.5%)	0 (0.0%)	0.371
Normala	0.64-15.17	0.73-15.17	0.64-9.58
Decreased	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)
IL-10 (pg/ml)	1.25 (1.09-1.45)	1.25 (1.10-1.45)	1.40 (1.05-1.45)	0.952
Elevated	3 (0.6%)	2 (1.0%)	1 (0.3%)	0.559
Normala	0.51-3.81	0.66-2.55	0.51-3.81
Decreased	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)
IL-2 (pg/ml)	1.36 (1.23-1.52)	1.36 (1.25-1.48)	1.40 (1.23-1.52)	0.271
Elevated	3 (0.6%)	2 (1.0%)	1 (0.3%)	0.558
Normala	0.87-4.07	0.87-4.07	0.91-4.07
Decreased	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)
IL-4 (pg/ml)	1.50 (1.39-1.61)	1.46 (1.35-1.61)	1.50 (1.39-1.60)	0.598
Elevated	1 (0.2%)	1 (0.5%)	0 (0.0%)	0.371
Normala	1.02-2.60	1.02-2.48	1.04-2.60
Decreased	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)
IL-6 (pg/ml)	1.53 (1.20-2.55)	1.51 (1.20-2.44)	1.62 (1.14-2.74)	0.589
Elevated	64 (12.0%)	25 (12.6%)	39 (11.6%)	0.783
Normala	0.32-5.25	0.32-5.25	0.48-5.23
Decreased	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)
TNF-α (pg/ml)	2.58 (1.60-5.60)	2.49 (1.60-6.45)	2.58 (1.58-5.08)	0.596
Elevated	8 (1.5%)	3 (1.5%)	5 (1.5%)	0.980
Normala	0.56-21.20	0.56-21.20	0.92-20.38
Decreased	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)

Data are presented as median (IQR).

^aData are shown as the normal ranges of the indicators.

Abbreviations: HCWs, healthcare workers; IQR, interquartile range.

The comparison between two groups was performed with Mann-Whitney U test.