Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| Variables | Whole dataset (n = 99) | Moderate ARDS without ECMO (n = 16) | Severe ARDS without ECMO (n = 59) | Severe ARDS on ECMO (n = 24) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex male—no. (%) | 75 (76%) | 14 (88%) | 42 (71%) | 19 (79%) |
| Age—yr | 62 [54–71] | 61 [55–70] | 66 [57–73] | 57 [50–61]b |
| BMI—kg.m−2 | 30 [26–37] | 29 [25–32] | 30 [26–37] | 32 [27–39] |
| Delay between hospital admission and CT—day | 5 [3–8] | 5 [3–6] | 4 [3–7] | 10 [6–12] b |
| Delay between ICU admission and CT—day | 3 [1–6] | 3 [1–5] | 2 [1–3] | 7 [5–8]a,b |
| Delay between ARDS onset and CT—day | 1 [1–3] | 1 [1, 2] | 1 [1, 2] | 5 [3–7] a,b |
| Delay between IMV onset and CT—day | 1 [1–3] | 1 [1, 2] | 1 [1, 2] | 5 [3–7] a,b |
| SAPS 2 at ICU admission | 39 [30–45] | 41 [28–45] | 40 [31–47] | 36 [30–42] |
| SOFA score at inclusion | 7 [5–8] | 6 [5–7] | 7 [4–8] | 7 [5–9] |
| Prone position in the 24 h preceding CT—no. (%) | 81 (82%) | 14 (88%) | 46 (78%) | 21 (88%) |
| iNO in the 24 h preceding CT—no. (%) | 19 (19%) | 0 (0%) | 12 (20%) | 7 (29%) |
| NMBA in the 24 h preceding CT—no. (%) | 96 (96%) | 15 (94%) | 57 (97%) | 24 (100%) |
| RRT in the 24 h preceding CT—no. (%) | 4 (4%) | 1 (6%) | 2 (3%) | 1 (4%) |
| Inotropes in the 24 h preceding CT—no. (%) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) |
| Vasopressor in the 24 h preceding CT—no. (%) | 67 (68%) | 13 (81%) | 37 (63%) | 17 (71%) |
| ICU mortality—no. (%) c | 49 (49%) | 3 (19%) | 32 (54%) | 14 (58%) |
| Day-90 mortality—no. (%) c | 48 (49%) | 3 (19%) | 32 (55%) | 13 (54%) |
| Ventilator-free days at day 90—day | 0 [0–71] | 59 [13–83] | 0 [0–70] | 0 [0–56] |
| ICU length of stay—day | 25 [16–40] | 24 [13–45] | 23 [16–36] | 36 [21–48] |
| Hospital length of stay—day | 37 [23–58] | 44 [28–78] | 35 [21–49] | 41 [29–59] |
Values are median [1st quartile–3rd quartile] or count (percentage)
a p < 0.05 vs. moderate ARDS without ECMO. b p < 0.05 vs. severe ARDS without ECMO, c p < 0.05 between groups
ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, BMI body mass index, CT computed tomography, ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ICU intensive care unit, IMV invasive mechanical ventilation, iNO inhaled nitric oxide, NMBA neuromuscular blocking agents, no number, RRT renal replacement therapy, SAPS2 Simplified Acute Physiology Score