Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the studies included in the meta-analysis
| No. | Author | Year | Country | No. of Patients | Sex(F/M) | Age | BMI (kg/m2) | Detection Method | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NAFLD group |
Control group | NAFLD group |
Control group | NAFLD group |
Control group | NAFLD group |
Control group | ||||||
| 1 | Aktas [25] | 2011 | Turkey | 91 | 81 | 43/48 | 39/42 | 47 ± 9 | 46 ± 11 | 31.3 ± 5.1 | 26.5 ± 3.4 | ELISA kit (Alpco Diagnostics, Salem, NH, USA) | |
| 2 | Fu [26] | 2019 | China | 188 | 100 | 101/87 | 53/47 | 48.26 ± 8.2 | 48.04 ± 7.2 | 21.65 ± 2.37 | 22.08 ± 2.25 | ELISA kit (KLANG, Shanghai, China) | |
| 3 | Genc [27] | 2011 | Turkey | 50 | 30 | 50/0 | 30/0 | 32 ± 6 | 30 ± 5 | 28.5 ± 3.2 | 23.4 ± 2.9 | ELISA kit (Catalog number 44-VASHU, Alpco Immu_x005fnoassays, Salem, NH, USA) | |
| 4 | Ismail [24] | 2019 | Egypt | Total | 30 | 15 | 5/25 | 2/13 | / | 41.8 ± 7.11 | / | 23.86 ± 2.19 |
ELISA kit (Cat No. In- Hu3180: China Bioneovan Co., Ltd.) |
| SS | 15 | 0/15 | 47.93 ± 4.31 | 34.59 ± 3.75 | |||||||||
| NASH | 15 | 5/10 | 50.20 ± 9.10 | 34.33 ± 4.98 | |||||||||
| 5 | Kukla [28] | 2010 | Poland | 41 | 20 | 26/15 | 10/10 | 45.7 ± 12.7 | 40.6 ± 5.5 | 30.4 ± 3.3 | 24.4 ± 4.1 |
ELISA kit (Catalogue No. V0712TP, AdipoGen Inc., Seoul, South Korea) |
|
| 6 | Montazerifar [29] | 2017 | Iran | 41 | 41 | 13/28 | 17/24 | 39.8 ± 8.9 | 36.7 ± 8.5 | 28.3 ± 4.2 | 25.1 ± 3.6 |
ELISA kit (Cat No. E2014Hu: Shanghai Crystal Day Biotech Co., Ltd.) |
|
| 7 | Polyzos [30] | 2016 | Greece | Total | 29 | 25 | 7/22 | 5/20 | / | 53.6 ± 1.8 | / | 30.5 ± 0.8 | ELISA kit (RayBiotech, Norcross, GA, USA) |
| SS | 15 | 5/10 | 53.9 ± 2.6 | 31.9 ± 1.3 | |||||||||
| NASH | 14 | 2/12 | 54.8 ± 1.6 | 33.9 ± 1.6 | |||||||||
| 8 | Su [31] | 2021 | China | 138 | 129 | 53/85 | 50/79 | *a | 42.7 ± 7.5 | 27.9 ± 4.6 | 23.1 ± 3.6 | ELISA kit (JingTian, Shanghai, China) | |
| 9 | Waluga [32] | 2019 | Poland | 25 | 25 | 12/13 | 11/14 | 31 ± 10 | 42 ± 15 | 31.14 ± 6.07 | 22.15 ± 0.83 | ELISA kit (BioVendor – Laboratorni Medicina a.s., Brno, Czech Republic) | |
| 10 | Xia [33] | 2011 | China | NAFLD | 40 | 41 | 22/18 | 23/18 | 68 ± 8.8 | 69.3 ± 9.3 | 24.93 ± 3.61 | 23.71 ± 5.34 | ELISA kit (ADL, USA) |
|
NAFLD +T2DM |
44 | 24/20 | 69.2 ± 9.6 | 24.71 ± 5.34 | |||||||||
| 11 | Yan [34] | 2019 | China | 86 | 56 | *b | 31/25 | 45.29 ± 7.35 | 45.32 ± 7.23 | 23.55 ± 0.27 | 23.53 ± 0.25 | ELISA kit (Aidibo, Beijing, China) | |
| 12 | Yilmaz [35] | 2011 | Turkey | 54 | 56 | 26/28 | 27/29 | 47 ± 10 | 46 ± 11 | 31.2 ± 4.9 | 24.9 ± 3.1 | ELISA kit (Alpco Diagnostics, Salem, NH, USA) | |
| 13 | Yu [36] | 2012 | China | 43 | 50 | 23/20 | 24/26 | 55.42 ± 5.87 | 56.82 ± 5.22 | 27.48 ± 4.74 | 22.73 ± 3.01 | ELISA kit (Kangtai, Beijing, China) | |
Abbreviations: M Male, F Female, BMI Body mass index, NAFLD Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, NASH Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, SS Simple steatosis, T2DM Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Data are presented as the mean and SD or as the count, as appropriate
*a. Data on the ages of the NAFLD patients in the table do not agree with the data mentioned in the paragraph of the Su 2011 study
*b. There is an obvious error in the original data pertaining to sex for the NAFLD patients in the Yan 2019 study