TABLE 3.

Details of curcumin’s role in inflammatory bowel disease treatment in vitro.

Cell line	Dose (μM)	Effects on biomarkers	Pathways involved	Ref.
IEC-6, HT-29, CACO-2	0–150	NF-κB↓	the IκB/NF-κB pathway	Jobin et al. (1999)
Colonic epithelial cells (CEC), peritoneal macrophage, young adult mouse colonocytes cells (YAMC)	50	PI3K activity↓AKT phosphorylation↓F-actin polymerization↓MIP-2↓KC↓IL-1β↓MIP-1α↓	PI3K/AKT pathway	Larmonier et al. (2011)
Colonic myofibroblasts (CMF)	0–30	p38 MAPK↓NF-κB (-)MMP-3↓IL-1β↓IL-10↑	MAPK p38 pathway	Epstein et al. (2010b)
BM-derived dendritic cell (BMDC)	1–100	IL-10↑NF-κB↓IL-6↓TNF-α↓	NF-κB pathway	Cong et al. (2009)
T-84 cells, young adult mouse colonocytes cells (YAMC)	0–75	IFN- γ ↓CIITA↓	Jak-Stat signaling pathway	Midura-Kiela et al. (2012)