TABLE 4.

Details of curcumin’s role in inflammatory bowel disease treatment in clinical trails.

No.	Dose	Duration	Population	UC or CD	Drug combination	Main findings	Effects on serum indexes	Ref.
1	550 mg	Twice daily for 1 month, then 3 times/Day for 1 month	5	UC	5ASA, prednisone	The number of stools↓ the quality of stools↑ medication eliminated or reduced	ESR↓ CRP↓	Holt et al. (2005)
	360 mg	3 times/Day for 1 month, then 4 times/Day for 2 months	5	CD	Colestid, Flagyl, Budesonide, 6 MP	CDAI scores↓ bowel movements↓ abdominal pain↓ formed stools↑	ESR↓ CRP↓
2	3 g/Day	1 month	50	UC	5ASA	Clinical response and remission↑ Endoscopic response and remission↑	—	Lang et al. (2015)
3	140 mg/Day	2 months	45	UC	5ASA	Clinical response and remission↑ Mucosal healing↑	—	Singla et al. (2014)
4	240 mg/Day	1 month	56	UC	Mesalamine	SCCAI↓	—	Masoodi et al. (2018)
5	2 g/Day	6 months	89	UC	5ASA, sulfasalazine, mesalamine	CAI↓ EI↓ Clinical remission↑	—	Hanai et al. (2006)
6	2 g/Day	2 months	20	UC	Selenium	DAI↓ Clinical remission↑ Endoscopic response and remission↑	ESR↓ CRP↓	Shapira et al. (2018)
7	1.5 g/Day	2 months	70	UC	—	Clinical remission↑ CAI↓	ESR↓ high-sensitivity CRP↓	Sadeghi et al. (2020)
8	360 mg/Day	3 months	30	CD	—	CDAI↓ Clinical remission↑ Endoscopic response and remission↑	—	Sugimoto et al. (2020)
9	100 mg/Day	12 months	69	UC	Mesalamine	Clinical response and remission↑ Endoscopic remission↑	—	Banerjee et al. (2021)

*5ASA, 5-aminosalicylic acid; 6 MP, 6-methylprednisone; CDAI, Crohn’s disease activity index; CAI, Clinical Activity Index; SCCAI, Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index; EI, endoscopic index; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP, C-reactive protein.