Table 2.

Neuropsychological and anxiety/depression/somatic symptom assessments of patients with CSVD and healthy controls.

	Patients with CSVD	Healthy controls	Z value	p-value
MoCA	28 (25–29)	28 (27–29)	1.70	0.090
Visuospatial function	4 (3–4)	4 (3–4)	0.83	0.405
Executive function	7 (7–8)	8 (7–8)	2.09	0.036*
Language	5 (5–6)	5 (5–6)	0.00	1.000
Attention and concentration	3 (2–3)	3 (3–3)	1.70	0.089
Calculation	3 (3–3)	3 (3–3)	1.15	0.250
Memory	4 (3–5)	5 (4–5)	1.05	0.292
Orientation	6 (6–6)	6 (6–6)	0.43	0.671
GAD-7	2 (1–5)	2 (2–3)	−0.57	0.570
PHQ-9	3 (1–4)	2.5 (2–3)	−0.80	0.422
PHQ-15	3 (1.5–4.5)	2 (2–3)	−1.25	0.213

Data were expressed as median (interquartile range).

Visuospatial function, executive function, language, attention and concentration, calculation, memory as well as orientation are subdomains of MoCA.

Visuospatial function refers to copy cube and draw clock tests.

Executive function refers to alternating trail making, abstraction, verbal fluency, copy cube and draw clock tests.

Language refers to naming, sentence repetition and verbal fluency tests.

Attention and concentration refer to vigilance and digit span tests.

Calculation refers to serial 7s test.

Memory refers to delayed recall and verbal fluency tests.

Orientation refers to temporal and spatial orientation tests.

^*P < 0.05 by Mann-Whitney U test (two-tailed) (indicated as bold).

MoCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment; GAD-7. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; PHQ-9, The Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PHQ-15, The Patient Health Questionnaire-15.