Table 1.

Demographic characteristics of the patients

Variable	Enrolled patients (n=83)
Mean±SD age, years	50.0±18.7
Male sex, n (%)	58 (69.9%)
Female sex, n (%)	25 (30.1%)
Mean±SD body weight, kg	62.0±9.2
Total daily dose of VPA, mg	872.3±355.8
VPA concentration, μg/mL	56.3±26.1
Patients with VPA concentration <50 µg/mL*	36
Patients with VPA concentration >100 µg/mL*	0
CDRV (mg/L per g/kg/day)	4.3±1.9

*The valproic acid reference range is 50~100 µg/mL.²¹

CDRV, concentration-to-dose ratio of VPA; VPA, valproic acid.