TABLE 3.

Molecular findings to support the copper mediated prooxidant anticancer activity of plant polyphenols.

S. No.	Molecular finding	References
I.	A reaction between polyphenols, Cu (II) and DNA results in DNA breakage in-vitro	Ahmad et al. (2000)
		Ahsan and Hadi (1998); Khan and Hadi (1998); Azam et al. (2004)
		Said Ahmad et al. (1992)
II.	Polyphenol-Cu (II) system leads to DNA breakage in a cellular system	Azmi et al. (2005)
III.	Polyphenols can mobilize endogenous copper ions from cells resulting in cellular DNA degradation	Azmi et al. (2006)
		Bhat et al. (2007)
IV.	Nuclear copper is mobilized in the polyphenol induced oxidative cellular DNA degradation	Shamim et al. (2008)
		Ullah et al. (2009)
V.	Oral administration of copper to rats results in enhanced prooxidant cellular DNA breakage by polyphenols	Khan et al. (2011)
VI.	Diethylnitrosamine induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats leads to increased prooxidant cellular DNA breakage by polyphenol (EGCG)	Farhan et al. (2015b)
VII.	Polyphenols induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in malignant cells through copper redox-cycling and ROS generation	Ullah et al. (2011a)
		Khan et al. (2014)
		Zubair et al. (2016)
VIII.	Supplementation with copper sensitizes normal breast epithelial cells to antiproliferative activity of polyphenols	Farhan et al. (2016)
		Khan et al. (2014)
IX.	Silencing of copper transporter CTR1 desensitize normal breast epithelial cells in copper enriched medium to antiproliferative activity of polyphenol (EGCG)	Farhan et al. (2022)