TABLE 2.
Characteristics of included 6-months visit studies in meta-analysis.
| Study | Location | Intervention/Control | Age of participants (years) | No. of participants | Female (%) MSLs, SVLs | Drop-out N (%) MSFs SVLs | Follow-up, months | baseline SER |
| Lam et al. (46) | China | DIMS, BF, Relative peripheral power + 3.5 Day SVL | 8–13 years 10.2 ± 1.47 10 ± 1.45 |
183 (93 + 90) | 41.80 45.70 | 14 (15) 9 (10) |
24 | −1.0 ∼−5.0 Day −2.97 ± 0.97 −2.76 ± 0.96 |
| Garcia-Del Valle et al. (42) | Spain | PALs, add + 2.5 Day SVL | (7–15 years) 12.2 ± 2.22 11.9 ± 2.13 |
70 (36 + 34) | 19 (59.4) 18 (69.2) |
4 (11.1) 8 (23.5) |
12 | −0.5 ∼−8.75 Day −2.8 ± 1.79 −3.31 ± 1.76 |
| Sankaridurg et al. (47) | China | Relative peripheral power a: I add + 2.5 Day, b: II add + 1.5 Day, SVL |
(8–13 years) 10.4 ± 1.3 10.4 ± 1.3 10.5 ± 1.3 |
306 (103 + 101 + 102) | 49 (47.6) 52 (51.5) 43 (42.2) | 56 (54.4) 56 (55.4) 52 (50.1) | 24 | −0.75 ∼−3.5 Day −2.38 ± 0.82 −2.39 ± 0.79 −2.29 ± 0.75 |
| Cheng et al. (48) | United States | + SA SVL | (8–11 years) 9.7 ± 1.11 9.7 ± 1.05 |
127 (64 + 63) | 24 (45.3) 27 (45.8) | 11 (17.2) 4 (6.8) | 24 | −0.75 ∼−4.0 Day −2.52 ± 1.094 −2.44 ± 0.911 |
| Aller (43) | Australia | BF SVL | (8–18 years) 13.0 ± 2.5 13.5 ± 2.2 |
86 (43+ 43) | 27 (62.8) 27 (62.8) | 4 (9.30) 3 (6.98) | 12 | −0.5 ∼−6.0 Day −2.57 ± 1.34 −2.81 ± 1.46 |
| Lam et al. (49) | China | DISC, BF add + 2.5 Day SVL | (8–13 years) 11.06 ± 1.55 10.87 ± 1.67 |
221 (111 + 110) | 44 (67.7) 39 (61.9) | 46 (41.4) 47 (42.7) | 24 | −1.0 ∼−5.0 Day −2.9 ± 1.05 −2.80 ± 1.03 |
| Hasebe et al. (50) | China Japan | PAL, a: add + 1.0 Day b: add + 1.5 Day SVL | (6–12 years) 10.6 ± 1.50 10.0 ± 1.50 10.2 ± 1.20 |
197 (67 + 67 + 63) | 30 (45) 20 (32) 24 (36) | 9 (13) 12 (19) 710) | 24 | −1.0 ∼−4.5 Day −2.52 ± 1.01 −2.80 ± 1.02 −2.55 ± 0.96 |
| Sankaridurg et al. (44) | China | PAL, add + 2.0 Day SVL | (7–14 years) 11.6 ± 1.5 10.8 ± 1.9 |
100 (60 + 40) | 23 (51) 17 (43) | 17 (28.3)1 (2.5) | 12 | −0.75 ∼−3.5 Day −2.9 ± 1.05 −2.8 ± 1.03 |
| Sankaridurg et al. (45) | China | Relative peripheral power a:Type I add + 1.0 Day b:Type II add + 2.0 Day c:Type III add + 1.9 Day SVL |
(6–16 years) 10.7 ± 2.4 11.1 ± 2.2 11.4 ± 2.3 10.0 ± 1.1 |
210 (50 + 60 + 50 + 50) | 27 (54) 26 (43) 25 (50) 22 (44) |
2 (4) 2 (3) 4 (8) 1 (2) | 12 | −0.75 ∼−3.5 Day −1.82 ± 0.62 −1.81 ± 0.67 −1.82 ± 0.66 −1.87 ± 0.68 |
BF, bifocal; PAL, progressive addition lens; SVLs, single-vision lenses.