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. 2022 Jun 20;13:919230. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919230

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Effects of SSWex on proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in IFN-γ-/TNF-α–induced HaCaT cells. (A) HaCaT cells treated with SSWex at different concentrations (0–500 μg/ml) for 24 h. Cell viability was determined using a cell proliferation assay kit. (B) HaCaT cells were pretreated with SSWex for 1 h and then stimulated with 10 ng/ml of IFN-γ/TNF-α for 24 h. Secreted MDC and RANTES were measured via ELISA. Secreted TARC, MCP-1, and IL-8 were detected using the bead-based immunoassay. The data are shown as the mean ± S.E.M. of three independent experiments. # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.005, ### p < 0.0005, and #### p < 0.0001 vs. untreated; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.0005, and ****p < 0.0001 vs. IFN-γ/TNF-α.