Table 3.

Hazard ratios (95% CI) for overweight/obesity, hypertension and type 2 diabetes according to quintile of the overall & healthful plant-based diet indices, stratified by age.

	Quintile 1	Quintile 2	Quintile 3	Quintile 4	Quintile 5	P -trenda
Overall plant-based diet index
Overweight/obesity
<55 years	1.00	0.97 (0.76, 1.24)	0.90 (0.71, 1.16)	0.80 (0.62, 1.04)	0.68 (0.51, 0.90)	<0.001
≥55 years	1.00	0.56 (0.31, 0.99)	0.62 (0.34, 1.10)	0.55 (0.28, 1.08)	0.79 (0.44, 1.41)	0.38
Hypertension
<55 years	1.00	0.80 (0.63, 1.01)	0.78 (0.63, 0.98)	0.80 (0.62, 1.03)	0.62 (0.49, 0.80)	0.02
≥55 years	1.00	0.87 (0.59, 1.30)	0.82 (0.52, 1.28)	1.10 (0.70, 1.74)	0.58 (0.35, 0.95)	0.08
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
<55 years	1.00	0.89 (0.80, 1.01)	0.88 (0.80, 0.98)	0.86 (0.77, 0.95)	0.80 (0.72, 0.89)	<0.001
≥55 years	1.00	0.94 (0.75, 1.17)	0.87 (0.68, 1.11)	0.92 (0.72, 1.17)	0.87 (0.67, 1.12)	0.30
Healthful plant-based diet index
Overweight/obesity
<55 years	1.00	0.84 (0.65, 1.09)	0.66 (0.51, 0.86)	0.79 (0.62, 1.01)	0.74 (0.58, 0.95)	0.01
≥55 years	1.00	1.31 (0.73, 2.34)	1.23 (0.65, 2.32)	1.00 (0.51, 1.97)	0.97 (0.54, 1.80)	0.78
Hypertension
<55 years	1.00	0.96 (0.77, 1.20)	0.99 (0.77, 1.27)	0.92 (0.73, 1.16)	0.77 (0.60, 0.98)	0.04
≥55 years	1.00	1.20 (0.80, 1.80)	1.34 (0.86, 2.11)	1.08 (0.64, 1.82)	0.87 (0.59, 1.40)	0.61
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
<55 years	1.00	0.95 (0.86, 1.05)	0.89 (0.76, 0.99)	0.91 (0.82, 1.01)	0.84 (0.76, 0.94)	0.002
≥55 years	1.00	0.99 (0.81, 1.22)	0.98 (0.77, 1.26)	0.95 (0.74, 1.21)	0.92 (0.72, 1.16)	0.44

Adjusted for age, urban and rural, sex, total energy intake, education, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol drinking, baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and BMI.

^ap-Value when we assigned the median value to each quintile and entered this as a continuous variable in the model.