Table 2.
Clinicopathological characteristics of HCC patients with different types of MVI
| MVI (n = 327) | MVI-portal vein (n = 85) | MVI-capsular vein (n = 178) | MVI-both (n = 64) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 58.9 ± 11.4 | 59.4 ± 11.5 | 58.7 ± 10.9 | 58.7 ± 11.6 | 0.889 |
| Male, n (%) | 259 (79.2) | 61 (71.8) | 143 (80.3) | 55 (85.9) | 0.093 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 89 (27.2) | 26 (30.6) | 39 (21.9) | 24 (37.5) | 0.040 |
| HBV, n (%) | 185 (56.6) | 47 (55.3) | 101 (56.7) | 37 (57.8) | 0.952 |
| HCV, n (%) | 129 (39.4) | 40 (47.1) | 61 (34.3) | 28 (43.8) | 0.103 |
| AST > 40 U/L, n (%) | 119 (36.4) | 31 (36.5) | 65 (36.5) | 23 (35.9) | 0.996 |
| ALT > 40 U/L, n (%) | 139 (42.5) | 29 (34.1) | 80 (44.9) | 30 (46.9) | 0.185 |
| Platelets < 150 103/µL, n (%) | 171 (52.3) | 47 (55.3) | 92 (51.7) | 32 (50.0) | 0.791 |
| Albumin (g/dL); mean ± SD | 3.6 ± 0.6 | 3.6 ± 0.6 | 3.6 ± 0.6 | 3.4 ± 0.7 | 0.225 |
| Liver cirrhosis, n (%) | 157 (48.0) | 43 (50.6) | 82 (46.1) | 32 (50.0) | 0.742 |
| Child-Pugh grade, n (%) | 0.678 | ||||
| A | 295 (90.2) | 78 (91.8) | 161 (90.4) | 56 (87.5) | |
| B | 32 (9.8) | 7 (8.2) | 17 (9.6) | 8 (12.5) | |
| BCLC stage, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| 0 | 6 (1.8) | 4 (4.7) | 2 (1.1) | 0 (0) | |
| A | 321 (98.2) | 81 (95.3) | 176 (98.9) | 64 (100) | |
| AFP > 10 ng/mL, n (%) | 198 (60.6) | 52 (61.2) | 102 (57.3) | 44 (68.8) | 0.272 |
| Tumor size (cm)a; mean ± SD | 3.0 ± 1.0 | 2.9 ± 0.9 | 3.0 ± 1.1 | 3.2 ± 0.9 | 0.320 |
| Tumor number, n (%) | 0.065 | ||||
| Single | 303 (92.7) | 81 (95.3) | 167 (93.8) | 55 (95.9) | |
| Multiple | 24 (7.3) | 4 (4.7) | 11 (6.2) | 9 (4.1) | |
| Histological grade n (%) | 0.939 | ||||
| Well | 13 (4.0) | 3 (3.6) | 7 (3.9) | 3 (4.7) | |
| Moderate | 302 (92.6) | 77 (91.7) | 166 (93.3) | 59 (92.2) | |
| Poor | 11 (3.4) | 4 (4.8) | 5 (2.8) | 2 (3.1) | |
| Capsule invasionb, n (%) | 283 (86.5) | 65 (76.5) | 164 (92.1) | 54 (84.4) | 0.002 |
| Satellite nodule, n (%) | 19 (5.8) | 11 (2.9) | 1 (0.6) | 7 (10.9) | < 0.001 |
| MAFLD, n (%) | 43 (22.1) | 14 (26.9) | 19 (19.0) | 10 (23.3) | 0.523 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or n (%). Abbreviations: MVI, microvascular invasion; CHB, chronic hepatitis B; CHC, chronic hepatitis C; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AFP, alpha fetoprotein; BCLC, Barcelona clinical liver cancer; MAFLD, metabolic-associated fatty liver disease.
a
Diameter of the largest tumor nodule.
b
Including partial and totally capsule invasion, and no well capsule.