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. 2022 Jul 4;10:101. doi: 10.1186/s40168-022-01292-1

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 6 — The composition and structure of PCGs in seven habitats (deep sea, n = 6; eutrophic lake, n = 5; mangrove, n = 8; mariculture, n = 13; surface ocean, n = 6; permafrost, n = 9; WWTP, n = 8). Bar plots showed the abundance of total PCGs (a), alkaline and acid phosphatases (b), and phoA, phoD, phoX, and phnW (c). Pie chart showed the taxonomical distribution of PafA (d). NMD analysis showed the beta-diversity of PCGs in seven habitats (e). The two-tailed analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to calculate the significant difference of PCG abundance among seven habitats, and P-values were corrected by Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. The enrichment of the PCGs within a habitat was tested by Fisher’ exact test, with the P-value further adjusted using the Bonferroni correction. The significant difference of PCG patterns among different habitats was performed using multi-response permutational procedure (MRPP) and analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) tests. Different letters (“a,” “b,” “c,” or “d”) and asterisk represent the significant difference among these seven habitats. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001