Fig. 27. Antimicrobial efficiency of levofloxacin (LEVO) loaded and concanavalin A (ConA) decorated MSNs against the E. coli biofilm. The histograms represent the reduction in the percentage of covered surface of live bacteria (green bars) and mucopolysaccharide matrix (blue bars), determined from the confocal microscopy images (top). The images were acquired after the exposure of a preformed E. coli biofilm to the different nanosystems for an incubation period of 90 min. Live bacteria are stained in green, dead bacteria in red, and the protective matrix biofilm in blue. A synergistic antibiofilm effect is observe when the MSNs are loaded with LEVO and decorated with ConA, this latter acting as targeting ligand towards the mucopolysaccharide matrix and allowing the release of the antibiotics inside the biofilm.740 Adapted with permission from ref. 740. Copyright 2019, Elsevier Ltd.
