Fig. 30. Schematic depiction of the mechanism of action of an enzyme-responsive antimicrobial MSN-based biohybrid nanomaterial. The nanosystem was crafted by loading amoxicillin (AMO) into the pores of MSNs and a subsequent coating by layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly of lysozyme (LYS), hyaluronic acid (HA) and 1,2-ethanediamine-modified polyglycerol methacrylate (EDA-PGMA). The cationic polymer incorporated into the nanosystem favours its interaction with bacteria. As the nanosystem comes across the bacteria, the presence of hyaluronidase secreted by bacteria triggers the cleavage of the HA protective coating. Then, LYS and AMO can bind to bacteria efficiently and quickly harming the cell membrane of bacteria and synergistically causing bacterial death.⁷⁵³ Adapted with permission from ref. 753. Copyright 2015, The American Chemical Society.