Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the study sample
| Characteristic | Exercise sample (N=3116) | Individuals who did not exercise (N=370) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 54±9 | 60±10 | <0.001 |
| Women | 1662 (53%) | 215 (58%) | 0.092 |
| Nonwhite | 289 (9%) | 43 (12%) | 0.174 |
| Hypertension | 1501 (48%) | 248 (67%) | <0.001 |
| Current smoker | 199 (6%) | 42 (11%) | 0.001 |
| Lipid treatment | 674 (22%) | 152 (41%) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.3±5.6 | 31.3±7.6 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 191±36 | 179±39 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 60±19 | 56±19 | 0.002 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 238 (8%) | 70 (19%) | <0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 27 (0.9%) | 19 (5.1%) | <0.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 44 (1.4%) | 53 (14%) | <0.001 |
| Peak RER | 1.21±0.10 | -- | -- |
| Resting VO2 (ml/kg/min) | 3.51±0.59 | -- | -- |
| Peak VO2 (ml/kg/min) | 22.7±7.0 | -- | -- |
| Peak VO2 (% predicted) | 94.3±20.5 | -- | -- |
Data for those that exercised and those that did not were compared using two-sample t-tests (for continuous variables) or chi-squared tests (for categorical variables).