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. 2022 Jun 20;13:906153. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.906153

TABLE 16.

Gender heterogeneity analysis.

Variable (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
BA SM VM SMI CHI PP CC
Panel A: Current effect
Male
FL 0.0226***
(5.6134)		 0.0174***
(5.5205)		 0.0226***
(6.7526)		 0.0054*
(1.8425)		 0.0129***
(4.3168)		 0.0101**
(2.3036)		 0.0250***
(6.4197)
Controls Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Province dummies Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
N 14,980 14,980 14,980 14,980 14,980 14,980 14,980
Pseudo R2 0.1283 0.2779 0.2773 0.0452 0.1044 0.1088 0.2414
Female
FL 0.0315***
(4.9762)		 0.0319***
(5.1638)		 0.0346***
(5.3365)		 0.0012
(0.2562)		 0.0023
(0.3908)		 0.0031
(0.5226)		 0.0148**
(2.2087)
Controls Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Province dummies Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
N 5,597 5,597 5,597 5,597 5,597 5,597 5,597
Pseudo R2 0.1333 0.2457 0.2498 0.0794 0.1156 0.2022 0.2451
Panel B: Long-term effect
Male
FL 0.0011
(0.3535)		 0.0127***
(3.4901)		 0.0161***
(4.2439)		 −0.0013
(−0.4243)		 0.0163***
(4.7021)		 0.0386***
(9.3346)		 0.0164***
(3.3309)
Controls Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Province dummies Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
N 10,470 10,470 10,470 10,470 10,470 10,470 10,470
Pseudo R2 0.0784 0.2379 0.2418 0.0258 0.0824 0.1182 0.1963
Female
FL 0.0136**
(2.4734)		 0.0243***
(3.1393)		 0.0374***
(4.6039)		 0.0072
(1.3120)		 0.0224***
(3.2997)		 0.0468***
(8.3340)		 0.0154*
(1.7747)
Controls Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Province dummies Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
N 3,399 3,399 3,399 3,399 3,399 3,399 3,399
Pseudo R2 0.0962 0.1971 0.2114 0.0277 0.0940 0.1824 0.1930
Panel C: Dynamic effect
Male
FL 0.0597***
(3.3917)		 −0.0032
(−0.1409)		 −0.0209
(−0.9945)		 −0.0283
(−1.3721)		 0.0161
(0.8539)		 0.1090***
(6.3772)		 −0.0006
(−0.0322)
Controls Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Province dummies Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
N 10,470 10,470 10,470 10,470 10,470 10,470 10,470
Pseudo R2 0.0466 0.0214 0.0172 0.0049 0.0090 0.0170 0.0045
Female
FL 0.0512*
(1.6878)		 0.0117**
(2.3223)		 0.0441**
(2.2924)		 0.0350
(1.0048)		 0.0651**
(2.0149)		 0.1535***
(5.3036)		 0.0177*
(1.6894)
Controls Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Province dummies Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
N 3,399 3,399 3,399 3,399 3,399 3,399 3,399
Pseudo R2 0.0538 0.0254 0.0212 0.0210 0.0120 0.0402 0.0098

This table presents regression results for the gender heterogeneity analysis. The dependent variable is shown above each column. Controls include AGE, AGE2, EDU, MAR, HEALTH, FL, OLD, CHILD, FS, RL, RA, HO, OH, TA, TI. Standard errors are single-clustered by community level and Z-statistics, which are shown in parentheses. Variable definitions are presented in Supplementary Table 1. *, **, and *** indicate significance at the 10, 5, and 1% levels, respectively.