Fig. 1. NVU was protected by catalpol in ischemic stroke.

a Sketch of the procedure for in vivo experiments. b Brain morphology of the ischemic stroke rats with or without catalpol treatment. The alleviated tissue liquefaction near the blocking point was observed. c Histological morphology suggested that ischemic necrosis and mesh-like structure were reduced with catalpol treatment. d NVU structures of the ischemic stroke rats were improved by catalpol. The rats with catalpol treatment exhibited more clearly cortical vascular morphology, more neurons, and more close astrocytes-vessels spatial arrangement (marked with white line). Scale bar, 100 μm (c), 20 μm (d).