Table 5.
Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis for risk factors of overall survival in HCC.
| Variable | No. (%) of participants(n =7257) | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | ||||
| Age | <40 | 859 (11.8) | 1 | ||||
| 40–59 | 4,324 (59.6) | 1.19 (1.05-1.36) | 0.009 | ||||
| ≥60 | 2,074 (28.6) | 1.10 (1.00-1.20) | 0.044 | ||||
| Gender | Female | 936 (12.9) | 1 | ||||
| Male | 6,321 (87.1) | 1.19 (1.06-1.34) | 0.004 | ||||
| HBV | Negative | 1,104 (15.2) | 1 | ||||
| Positive | 6,136 (84.8) | 1.50 (1.33-1.69) | <0.001 | 1.29 (1.10-1.21) | 0.002 | ||
| HCV | Negative | 4,801 (97.2) | 1 | ||||
| Positive | 138 (2.8) | 0.59 (0.43-0.80) | 0.001 | ||||
| Cirrhosis | No | 3,296 (48.8) | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 3,459 (51.2) | 0.96 (0.89-1.04) | 0.325 | ||||
| Ascites | No | 6,402 (95.8) | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 279 (4.2) | 0.93 (0.77-1.13) | 0.481 | ||||
| Tumor capsule | Yes | 4,169 (68.6) | 1 | ||||
| No | 1,906 (31.4) | 1.32 (1.21-1.43) | <0.001 | 1.58 (1.41-1.77) | <0.001 | ||
| Tumor nodule | Single | 4,821 (78.6) | 1 | ||||
| Multiple | 1,314 (21.4) | 1.23 (1.12-1.35) | <0.001 | ||||
| Tumor thrombus | No | 4,215 (65.5) | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 2,222 (34.5) | 3.20 (2.95-3.47) | <0.001 | 2.12 (1.90-2.36) | <0.001 | ||
| BCLC stage | 0&A | 3,343 (47.5) | 1 | ||||
| B&C | 3,697 (52.5) | 3.37 (3.10-3.68) | <0.001 | 2.11 (1.85-2.41) | <0.001 | ||
| Tumor diameter (cm) | <3 | 919 (13.0) | 1 | ||||
| ≥3 | 6,150 (87.0) | 2.85 (2.43-3.34) | <0.001 | 1.65 (1.29-2.12) | <0.001 | ||
| AFP (ng/ml) | <20 | 2,548 (36.1) | 1 | ||||
| ≥20 | 4,504 (63.9) | 2.17 (1.98-2.37) | <0.001 | 1.69(1.50-1.91) | <0.001 | ||
| Total bilirubin (µmol/L) | ≤23 | 5,756 (86.6) | 1 | ||||
| >23 | 889 (13.4) | 0.97 (0.86-1.10) | 0.656 | ||||
| Direct bilirubin (µmol/L) | ≤8 | 5,048 (79.7) | 1 | ||||
| >8 | 1,285 (20.3) | 1.19 (1.07-1.31) | 0.001 | 1.27(1.11-1.45) | <0.001 | ||
| Albumin (g/L) | ≥40 | 3,537 (53.4) | 1 | ||||
| <40 | 3,082 (46.6) | 0.96 (0.88-1.03) | 0.258 | ||||
| Post-operative TACE | No | 1,744 (44.1) | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 2,210 (55.9) | 1.02 (0.92-1.12) | 0.717 | ||||
| Post-operative RFA | No | 3,596 (92.0) | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 312 (8.0) | 0.57 (0.48-0.69) | <0.001 | 0.65(0.53-0.79) | <0.001 | ||
| Reoperation | No | 3,580 (92.0) | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 310 (8.0) | 0.39 (0.32-0.49) | <0.001 | 0.43(0.34-0.55) | <0.001 | ||
| Radiotherapy | No | 3,751 (96.3) | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 145 (3.7) | 1.05 (0.84-1.31) | 0.668 | ||||
| Chemotherapy | No | 3,787 (94.6) | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 218 (5.4) | 0.85 (0.66-1.09) | 0.201 | ||||
| Targeted therapy | No | 3,712 (95.6) | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 171 (4.4) | 1.06 (0.87-1.30) | 0.555 | ||||