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. 2022 May 19;23(7):e54992. doi: 10.15252/embr.202254992

Figure 2. Live imaging of biparental meiosis.

Figure 2

  1. Identification of parental origin of the chromosomes was distinguishable based on H2B–mCherry fluorescent intensities (paternal chromosomes exhibit lower intensities; n = 20 oocytes). Bars and error bars denote means ± SD. The z‐projection image shows major satellite–mClover (centromeres, green) and H2B–mCherry (chromosomes, red). Time from anaphase onset is shown in h:min. Scale bar = 4 μm. The 3D‐reconstructed image shows maternal (magenta) and paternal (cyan) chromosomes. Spots indicate centromeres.
  2. Chromosome tracking in 3D. The reconstructed images are viewed from the side of the metaphase plate. Signals are interpolated in the Z axis for visualization. White and red arrowheads, as well as red surfaces, indicate univalent‐like chromosomes that underwent unbalanced predivision (premature segregation of sister chromatids). Scale bar = 4 μm.
  3. Halving the recipient ooplasmic mass rescued chromosome alignment. The numbers of misaligned chromosomes and their parental origin were determined in 3D (n = 39 and 17 oocytes). Error bars show the standard deviation. Student’s t‐test was used to compare means. *P < 0.05. N.S., not significant.