. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jul 5.

Published in final edited form as: Child Maltreat. 2015 Jan 27;20(3):151–161. doi: 10.1177/1077559514567176

Table 5.

Multivariable Logistic Regression Models to Predict ED Visits Suggestive of Maltreatment, by Type and Overall, Children ≤3 years Old, NEDS 2006–2011.

	Physical^a		Sexual^a		Neglect^a		Poly-victimization^a		Any maltreatment^b

	(8.5% of total)		(9.4% of total)		(81.3% of total)		(0.8% of total)		(1.2% of total)

	MPP^c	AME^d	MPP	AME	MPP	AME	MPP	AME	MPP	AME
Age
0 (reference)	16.47	—	7.53	—	73.21	—	0.41	—	0.69	—
1	5.67	0.34^**	4.91	0.65^**	88.66	1.21^**	0.82	2.00^**	1.36	1.97^**
2	6.23	0.38^**	8.78	1.17^**	83.78	1.14^**	0.98	2.39^**	1.77	2.57^**
3	6.37	0.39^**	18.57	2.47^**	73.25	1.00	1.07	2.61^**	1.41	2.04^**
Gender
Female (reference)	8.43	—	12.70	—	77.87	—	0.73	—	1.33	—
Male	8.62	1.02	6.24	0.49^**	84.32	1.08^**	0.76	1.04	1.19	0.89^**
Primary payer
Private (reference)	9.54	—	6.42	—	83.30	—	0.64	—	1.29	—
Medicaid	8.02	0.84^**	10.28	1.60^**	81.02	0.97^**	0.80	1.25^**	1.21	0.94^**
Uninsured	7.17	0.75^**	12.77	1.99^**	78.69	0.94^**	0.74	1.16	1.40	1.09^**
Other	9.11	0.95	15.17	2.36^**	74.07	0.89^**	0.96	1.50^**	1.35	1.05
Household income
Low (reference)	8.05	—	10.36	—	80.79	—	0.86	—	1.22	—
Medium	8.62	1.07^*	9.30	0.90^**	81.37	1.01	0.71	0.83^*	1.28	1.05^**
High	9.21	1.14^*	7.46	0.72^**	82.22	1.02	0.64	0.74^**	1.25	1.02
Urbanization
Metropolitan (reference)	8.62	—	9.64	—	80.98	—	0.75	—	1.22	—
Rural	8.12	0.94	8.64	0.90^*	82.57	1.02^**	0.75	1.00	1.38	1.13^**
Injury severity
No injury information (reference)	1.12	—	9.88	—	88.26	—	0.05	—	1.01	—
Minor injury	16.41	14.65^**	8.58	0.87^**	72.69	0.82^**	1.33	26.60^**	2.28	2.26^**
Severe injury	49.90	44.55^**	0.27	0.03^**	24.49	0.28^**	5.65	113.00^**	31.59	31.28^**
Discharge status
Discharged alive (reference)	7.44	—	10.06	—	81.60	—	0.48	—	1.18	—
Hospitalized	12.88	1.73^**	1.30	0.13^**	79.00	0.97^**	1.42	2.96^**	2.93	2.48^**
Death at the ED	9.99	1.34	0.90	0.09^**	88.67	1.09^**	1.47	3.06^*	6.77	5.74^**

Note. ED = emergency department; NEDS = Nationwide Emergency Department Sample; MPP = mean predicted probability; RME = relative marginal effect. Estimated values were weighted to adjust for the complex sampling design of the NEDS data. Covariates not presented: year of ED visit; region. H₀: The predicted probability of Y = 1 is the same for referent and comparator categories of an independent variable. Indices of fit: C_Physical = .862; C_Sexual = .749; C_Neglect = .769; C_{Poly-victimization} =.758; C_{Any Maltreatment} =.682.

Only ED patients with nonmissing patient characteristic information were included (n_unweighted = 167,028).

Only ED patients with nonmissing patient characteristic information were included (n_unweighted = 13,490,344).

MPP is first predicted per ED patient, controlling for their respective covariate values, and then averaged across the entire sample population.

RME is the ratio of MPPs between comparator and referent categories of an independent variable.

p < .05.

^**

p < .01.