Figure 1.

cMRI analysis indicated an improvement in cardiac function by scaffold implantation. (A) The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, left), indexed left ventricular end-diastolic and systolic volumes (iLVEDV, middle; iLVESV, right) were maintained by scaffold implantation. (B) Right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF, right) was significantly improved by cATMSC-EV administration; with the indexed right ventricular end-diastolic and systolic volumes (iRVEDV, middle; iRVESV, right) maintained. (C) The cardiac index of animals was maintained by scaffold implantation. (D) LV hypertrophy was avoided in treated animals according to the iLV mass (left) to the end-diastolic volume (EDV) ratio (right). (E) The infarct size was reduced after 30 days of follow up in treated animals according to the percentage of LGE mass. Bars indicate mean ± SD and each data point corresponds to an animal of each group (n = 4;7;7, respectively). Statistical differences were calculated using a paired Two-way ANOVA with Tukey's posthoc analysis. (F) Representative LGE cMRI images in short (upper pannel) and long (bottom) axis views at the area of the infarct scar at 30 days post-MI. The infarct area appears in white (circled), while the non-infarcted myocardium appears black.