Fig 2.

Biological functions of circRNAs. A. Acting as a miRNA sponge. B. In β-cells, ciRNA interacts with the RBP TDP-43 and controls the expression of genes necessary for insulin release. C. The circYap could bind with Yap mRNA, eIF4G and PABP simultaneously. Inhibiting this interaction represses the translation initiation of Yap. D. Regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport. E. MDM2, an E3 ubiquitin-ligase, targets p53 for proteasome-dependent degradation. CircFoxo3 enhances the interaction between MDM2 and p53, and further promotes the poly-ubiquitination and degradation of p53. F. Translating to protein in a cap-independent manner.