Table 2.
List of studies on the relationship between psoriasis and YKL-40 (chitinase-3-like protein-1, human cartilage glycoprotein-39).
| Authors, year | Study design | Main study findings |
|---|---|---|
| Positive correlation with YKL-40 | ||
| Imai Y et al., 2011. 64 | -62 psoriasis patients and 21 controls were studied. -Serum YKL measured using ELISA. |
• PV patients have 3-times higher YKL-40 than controls while GPP patients have higher YKL-40 levels than PV patients. • Involvement in joint inflammation or more severe inflammatory psoriasis patients have higher YKL-40. |
| Imai Y et al., 2013. 65 | -Diagnosis YKL-40 in 18 PsA patients and 29 controls based on CASPAR criteria using enzyme-linked immunoassay kit. | • In PsA patients, serum YKL-40 levels may be a useful biomarker reflecting severity of skin lesions. |
| Ahmed S et al., 2015. 66 | -48 psoriasis patients and 30 controls were evaluated using high-resolution PDUS. -sYKL-40 levels were measured using ELISA. |
• Compared to controls, an obvious elevation was detected in serum YKL-40 levels in psoriasis patients. (p<0.001). • YKL-40 could be applied for assessing angiogenesis and disease activity in psoriasis patients. • PDUS is a good non-invasive tool for detecting early synovial changes in psoriasis patients and evaluating angiogenesis in PsA patients. |
| Salomon J et al., 2017. 67 | -Blood of 55 psoriatic patients were taken to check the serum of YKL-40, CRP, ESR, etc. | • YKL-40 could be a useful marker of inflammation in psoriasis and might indicate psoriatic patients with systemic inflammation. |
| Salomon J et al., 2018. 68 | -Blood of 42 psoriatic arthritis patients were taken to check the serum of YKL-40, CRP, ESR, etc. | • YKL-40 might be a potential marker for diagnosis and monitoring in psoriatic arthritis patients. |
| Baran A et al., 2018. 69 | -Comparison the blood of 37 psoriasis patients,15 healthy controls before and after therapy. | • YKL-40 might be a marker of psoriasis but it is not useful to assess the metabolic conditions, severity and efficacy of treatment. |
| Abu El-Hamd M et al., 2018. 70 | -A cross-sectional case-control included 30 psoriasis vulgaris patients and 20 healthy individuals. -After NB-UVB phototherapy, assessing the serum levels of YKL-40 of them. |
• NB-UVB phototherapy, an essential method for psoriasis vulgaris patients, resulted in decreasing the serum levels of YKL-40. |
| Alpsoy S et al., 2014. 71 | -Measured 60 psoriasis patients and 50 controls' demographic and biochemical parameters, C3, C4, D-dimer, CRP, fibrinogen and YKL-40. | • In psoriasis patients, CRP, YKL-40 and PASI score showed positive correlation in increase cIMT and impaired aortic elasticity. • Levels of increased C3 and fibrinogen showed negative correlation with aortic strain and compliance. |
| Erfan G et al., 2015. 72 | -60 psoriasis patients and 30 healthy controls were evaluated for endothelial function and serum YKL-40. | • The increased level of YKL-40 in psoriasis might be related to ED. • YKL-40 also can be valuable for managing cardiovascular diseases in RP psoriasis patients above 40 ages. |
| Negative or none correlation with YKL-40 | ||
| Ataseven A et al., 2016. 73 | -56 psoriatic patients were included in the study. -Vaspin, VAP-1, YKL-40 and hs-CRP levels were evaluated. |
• Vaspin and VAP-1 can be used as markers of psoriasis. • Difference of sYKL-40 between psoriatic patients and the control group was no significant. |
| Jensen P et al., 2013. 74 | -Measured YKL-40, hs-CRP and PASI in 48 psoriasis patients and repeated measurements after 4-6 weeks of MTX treatment in a subgroup of 14 patients. -Measured YKL-40, hs-CRP in 42 PsA patients at initiation of study and during 48 weeks of adalimumab treatment |
• Elevation of YKL-40 has been well-defined in those of patients with PsA, not psoriasis. • Decrease of YKL-40 in PsA patients who responded to treatment. As a result, YKL-40 could be a useful biomarker to monitor PsA patients to check the effect of treatment with TNF- α inhibitors. |
Abbreviations: ELISA: enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; PV: psoriasis vulgaris; GPP: generalized pustular psoriasis; PsA; psoriatic arthritis; CASPAR: classification for psoriatic arthritis; PDUS: power doppler ultrasound; CRP: C-reactive protein; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; NB-UVB: Narrow-band Ultraviolet B; PASI: psoriasis area and severity index; cIMT: carotid intima-media thickness; ED: Endothelial dysfunction; RP: Risk-positive; VAP: Vascular adhesion protein; hs-CRP: high sensitivity C-reactive protein; MTX: methotrexate; TNF- α: tumor necrosis factor-α.