Figure 1.
The VEGF-VEGFR signaling pathway. VEGF-A binds to VEGFR-2 for dimerization, autophosphorylation, and activation leading to endothelial cell survival, proliferation, permeability, and migration. mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; MEK, MAP kinase kinase.