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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jul 5.
Published in final edited form as: Antiviral Res. 2022 Mar 12;200:105281. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105281

Table 1.

Virus and patient characteristics for influenza type A viruses (n = 138) phenotypically tested by WHO CCs and showing reduced (RI) or highly reduced inhibition (HRI) by NAIs.a

Virus (n) n IC50 fold-change compared to reference median IC50 valuesb NA substitutionc Patient setting Antiviral treatment Immunocompromised
Oseltamivir Zanamivir Peramivir Laninamivir Virus isolate Clinical specimen
A(H1N1) pdm09 (133 of 10280) 101 286–2194 0.5–3 86–629 (75) 1–5 (75) H275Y Not availabled (30)
H275Y (65)
H275Y/H mix (6)
Community
(42)
Hospital (43)
Unknown (16)
Yes, oseltamivir (20)
Yes, peramivir (5)
Yes, laninamivir (1)
Yes, oseltamivir, baloxavir (1)
Yes, peramivir, laninamivir (1)
Yes, oseltamivir, laninamivir (3)
No (29)
Unknown (41)
Yes (5)
No (62)
Unknown (34)
6 24–976 1–4 (4) 32–197 (2) 3 (2) H275Y/H mix Not available (3)
H275Y/H mix (2)
Nonee (1)
Community (1)
Hospital (2)
Unknown (3)
No (1)
Unknown (5)
No (3)
Unknown (3)
1 1376 3 746 3 G147R/G mix, H275Y Not available Unknown Unknown Unknown
10 0.5–2 (8) 13–332 15–196 (5) 5–56 (5) Q136K (5)
Q136K/Q mix,
D151E/D mix (2)
Q136K/Q mix,
D151N/D mix (1)
Q136R (2)
Not available (8)
None (2)
Hospital (4)
Unknown (5)
Community (1)
Unknown (9)
No (1)
Unknown (8)
No (2)
6 11–28 2–8 1–11 (5) 1–5 (5) I223K (3)
I223L (1)
I223M (1)
I223R (1)
I223K (2)
I223L (1)
I223M (1)
Not available (2)
Unknown (6) Unknown (6) Unknown (6)
3 96–191 3–4 2–13 (2) 3–4 (2) N295S Not available (1)
N295S (2)
Unknown (2)
Hospital (1)
Unknown (2)
Yes (1)
Unknown (3)
2 1–2 26–81 9–83 6–7 E119K (1)
E119K,
Q136K (1)
None Hospital Unknown Unknown
1 11 11 1 2 V116A Not available Unknown Unknown Unknown
1 1 321 24 58 E119G None Hospital Unknown Unknown
1 52 21 n/tf n/t R152K Not available Hospital Unknown Unknown
1 12 3 2 1 D199G None Unknown Unknown Unknown
A(H3N2) (5 of 7755) 2 4.5–6 12–21 2 (1) 4 (1) D151N/D mix (1)
D151N/D mix,
V165I (1)
Not available Community (1)
Sentinel outpatient (1)
Unknown (1)
No (1)
Unknown (1)
No (1)
1 1 17 n/t n/t M241 V/M mix Not available Unknown Yes Unknown
1 15 5 1.5 1 N245Y(-gly) N245Y(-gly) Hospital Yes, peramivir Unknown
1 11.5 4 1 2 S331R S331R Community No No
a

The number of viruses for which data were reported is shown in parentheses if it is less than the number in the ‘n’ column.

b

Reduced inhibition (RI) and highly reduced inhibition (HRI) fold-change values are displayed underlined and in bold typeface. For type A viruses, normal inhibition (NI) is a <10-fold increase in the NAI IC50; RI is a 10- to 100-fold increase; and HRI is a >100-fold increase (World Health Organization, 2012).

c

Amino acid position numbering is A subtype specific.

d

Clinical specimen not available for sequencing.

e

None: the sequence contained no amino acid substitutions when compared to the consensus sequence of viruses for the same subtype.

f

n/t: not tested.