Lytic capability of oncolytic adenovirus in ex vivo tumor cultures from patients with resected OC. (a) Representative IHC images showing MUC-CD expression of OC patients. Scale bar: 50 μm. (b) PD-1, TIM-3, LAG-3, and TIGIT expression in T cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Data are shown as percentages of CD3+ cells. Data are mean ± SD, n = 5. (c) Ex vivo tumor cultures were incubated with oncolytic adenovirus for 96 h (MOI = 100). Viability was assessed on the indicated days, non-infected as negative control. Data represent the mean ± SD in triplicates. (d) Ex vivo tumor cultures were incubated with or without oncolytic adenovirus for 72 h (MOI = 100). IL-10 and TGF-β levels of the supernatant were analyzed (n = 5). OC, Ovarian cancer; PD-1, programmed death 1; LAG3, lymphocyte activation gene-3; Tim-3, T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3; TIGIT, T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain.