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. 2022 Jul 4;12(7):e055551. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055551

Table 3.

Characteristics of patients with and without adverse drug reactions (ADRs)

ADR group Non-ADR group Total
Number of admissions 218 969 1187
Age, mean (SD) 73.2 (14.5) 66.7 (19.2) 67.9 (18.6)
Male (%) 106 (48.6) 455 (47.0) 561 (47.3)
Number of medicines, mean (SD) 10.5 (4.6) 7.8 (5.1) 8.3 (5.1)
Polypharmacy (%) 199 (91.3) 706 (72.9) 905 (76.2)
Number of comorbidities, mean (SD) 6.1 (3.0) 5.2 (3.3) 5.4 (3.2)
Multimorbid (%) 99.1 90.3 91.9
Liver impairment* (%) 6.9 2.8 3.5
Renal impairment† (%) 11.0 6.8 7.6

*Liver impairment defined as chronic liver disease.

†Renal impairment defined as chronic kidney disease stage IV or V.