Table 1.
Participant characteristics as a function of ACS status at discharge.
| Characteristic | M (SD) or % (n) | M (SD) or % (n) | M (SD) or % (n) | p-Value | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Confirmed ACS diagnosis (n = 318) | Non-cardiovascular diagnosis (n = 682) | Total (N = 1000) | |||
| Demographics | |||||
| Age, years | 62.71 (12.54) | 59.91 (13.35) | 60.80 (13.15) | .002 | 22–100 |
| Female | 11.50 (115) | 34.10 (341) | 45.60 (456) | .000 | – |
| Race | .009 | – | |||
| White | 21.07 (67) | 14.37 (98) | 16.50 (165) | – | |
| Black | 16.04 (51) | 21.70 (148) | 19.90 (199) | – | |
| Other | 8.81 (28) | 5.57 (38) | 6.60 (66) | – | |
| Hispanic | 51.57 (164) | 56.01 (380) | 54.40 (544) | – | |
| Medical record covariates | |||||
| GRACE score | 97.30 (30.37) | 91.22 (29.98) | 93.19 (29.56) | .003 | 18–200 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 2.16 (1.86) | 1.65 (1.99) | 1.82 (1.97) | .000 | 0–11 |
| Prior cardiovascular event | 54.40 (173) | 20.97 (143) | 31.60 (316) | .000 | – |
| In-hospital assessment | |||||
| Perceived threat in the ED | 11.00 (4.13) | 10.93 (4.50) | 10.95 (4.38) | .814 | 6–24 |
| Depressive symptoms at baselinea | 6.16 (5.67) | 6.68 (6.03) | 6.51 (5.91) | .207 | 0–24 |
| PTSD total severity score at baseline for prior traumab | 25.26 (12.69) | 26.08 (13.59) | 25.81 (13.30) | .381 | 17–85 |
| Confirmed ACS diagnosis (n = 182) | Non-cardiovascular diagnosis (n = 344) | Total (N = 526) | |||
| 1-month follow-up | |||||
| Perceived cardiac threat | 6.85 (5.10) | 7.17 (5.20) | 7.06 (5.16) | .504 | 0–16 |
| ACS-induced PTSD symptoms | 25.29 (11.46) | 25.06 (11.76) | 25.14 (11.64) | .834 | 17–74 |
| 6-month follow-up | |||||
| ACS-induced PTSD symptoms | 23.39 (11.03) | 26.36 (13.41) | 25.33 (12.70) | .023 | 17–83 |
| 12-month follow-up | |||||
| ACS-induced PTSD symptoms | 23.27 (10.45) | 24.51 (11.41) | 24.10 (11.11) | .291 | 17–84 |
Note. GRACE = Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events. ED = emergency department. PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder. ACS = acute coronary syndrome.
a
Past 2-week depressive symptoms assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale (PHQ-8).
b
PTSD total severity score at baseline calculated by summing responses on the PTSD Checklist-Civilian version (PCL-C) with respect to the most stressful event identified on the LEC.