Table 1.

Sample Characteristics

Variables	Parents with I/ADL limitations at Wave 2 (n = 66)			Parents without I/ADL limitations at Wave 2 (n = 124)			t or χ2
	M	(SD)	Range	M	(SD)	Range
Parent characteristics (W2)
Age	82.53	(5.18)	66–88	78.63	(5.18)	66–88	–4.87***
Female, %	80			67			3.78
Married, %	32			42			1.86
Years of education	12.62	(2.06)	7–17	13.10	(2.08)	8–17	1.53
Employed for pay, %	2			12			6.25*
Racial/ethnic minority, %	38			30			1.27
Self-rated healtha	2.47	(0.95)	1–4	3.26	(1.07)	1–5	5.01***
Number of children	3.76	(1.70)	1–10	4.04	(2.31)	1–15	0.87
Had I/ADL limitations at W1, %	29			4			23.92***
Child characteristics (W2)
Age	55.25	(5.85)	31–70	51.40	(6.16)	30–68	–7.99***
Female, %	57			49			4.15*
Married, %	59			65			2.56
Years of education	13.92	(2.09)	8–17	14.03	(2.23)	0–17	0.59
Employed for pay, %	71			79			5.01*
Has a child under age 18, %	22			34			11.44**
Intergenerational (W1)
Coresiding with child, %	7			7			0.00
Relationship quality with childa	4.36	(0.89)	1–5	4.36	(1.67)	1–5	–0.01
Support given to child
Non-tangibleb	4.42	(1.84)	1–8	4.50	(1.67)	1–8	0.58
Tangiblec	2.64	(1.81)	1–8	2.49	(1.39)	1–8	–1.15
Childcare, %	15			32			5.98*
Frequency of childcared	5.11	(2.62)	1–8	4.40	(1.87)	1–8	–1.10
Support received from child
Non-tangibleb	4.60	(2.12)	1–8	4.17	(1.86)	1–8	–2.67**
Tangiblec	2.99	(1.81)	1–8	2.27	(1.38)	1–8	–5.36***

Notes. Parent (respondent) N = 190; child N = 709. W1 = 2008; W2 = 2013. I/ADL = instrumental and basic activities of daily living. Asterisks representing significance should be on the right side of the t or χ2 value (not below). Once corrected, then there should be no empty line space in between variables.

^aRated from 1 = poor to 5 = excellent.

^bMean of 3 non-tangible support items rated from 1 (once a year or never) to 8 (daily).

^cMean of 2 tangible support items rated from 1 (once a year or never) to 8 (daily).

^dRated from 1 (once a year or never) to 8 (daily).

*p < .05.

**p < .01.

***p < .001.