Table 2.
Characteristics of the included SRs/MAs. Note: N: nonexercise; AE: aerobic exercise; ST: standard treatment.
| Author, year (country) | Trials (subjects) | Intervention group | Control group | Quality assessment | Main results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mengyao Chao, 2018 (China) [33] | 14 (798) | TC | N, AE | Jadad | TC can effectively influence the management of blood glucose and HbA1c in patients with T2DM. Long-term adherence to TC has a better effect on reducing blood sugar and HbA1c levels in patients with T2DM |
| Myeong Soo Lee, 2015 (South Korea) [34] | 15 (754) | TC, TC+control group | N, ST, AE | Cochrane criteria | In conclusion, the evidence that TC may benefit people with T2DM compared with exercise therapy is not convincing. In addition, evidence from RCTs comparing TC with conventional antidiabetic drugs appears to be mixed |
| Shuai Guo, 2021 (China) [35] | 23 (1,800) | TC, TC+control group | ST, AE | Cochrane criteria | Compared with routine clinical treatment, TC has better effects on blood sugar control, lipid metabolism, and body composition and is superior to aerobic exercise in improving partial metabolic control. The optimal intervention time window for TC may vary for different metabolic markers |
| Ting-Wei Xia, 2019 (China) [36] | 17 (774) | TC, TC+control group | N, ST, AE | Cochrane criteria | TC appears to be effective in treating T2DM compared to control interventions. Different training times and methods will lead to differences in effects |
| Zonglei Zhou, 2019 (China) [37] | 23 (1,235) | TC | AE, ST | PEDro scale | TC was effective in controlling biomedical outcomes and improving the quality of life-related outcomes in patients with T2DM, but no effects on balance and fasting insulin were observed |
| Yao Ge, 2020 (China) [38] | 13 (856) | TC, TC+control group | N, ST | Cochrane criteria | TC exercise can control blood sugar level and regulate lipoprotein concentration in patients with T2DM, which can provide the basis for exercise therapy for later stage diabetes |
| Yongjin Liu, 2017 (China) [39] | 10 (740) | TC | N, AE | Cochrane criteria | TC exercise can regulate the level of glucose and lipid metabolism and improve the quality of life in patients with T2DM and can be used as an important part of exercise therapy for diabetes |
| Qing Tang, 2017 (China) [40] | 11 (764) | TC | CT | Cochrane criteria | TC helps improve blood sugar control, weight loss, blood lipid regulation, and quality of life in patients with T2DM |