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. 2022 Jul 5;13:3862. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-30700-1

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — The first column indicates the control arm interventions to which the tested intervention (2nd column) are compared. Intervention types represented include no-intervention (black), untreated mosquito nets (grey), conventional nets dipped in pyrethroid insecticide every 6–8 months (CTNs, red), pyrethroid-only insecticide-treated nets, which incorporate insecticide (ITNs, red), pyrethroid-PBO ITNs (blue), or ITNs together with IRS (pyrethroid-only ITN + IRS, pale green, pyrethroid-PBO ITN + IRS, purple) or IRS only (orange). The country and study represented are shown in columns 3 and 4; symbols correspond to the studies shown in Fig. 2 and references in the supporting information Supplementary Table 1. The efficacy estimate reported in each of the trials is shown by the coloured square box at the appropriate timepoint the survey was conducted following start of the trial. It is calculated as the mean difference between reported malaria prevalence in the intervention arm relative to the control arm, with greener colours indicating higher observed differences. Trials vary substantially in the number and timing of the cross-sectional surveys.