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. 2022 Jul 5;13:3877. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-31627-3

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Genome-wide ratio of CWG over all CHG sites and methylated CWG (mCWG) over all methylated CHG (mCHG) sites in three plant species. b In vitro DNA methylation of ZMET2 on CHG DNA with various sub-sequence contexts. Data are mean ± s.d. (n = 3 biological replicates). Statistical analysis used two-tailed Student’s t test. ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001. c Structural overlay of ZMET2-bound 18-mer hmCAG DNA and the B-form DNA (gray) in the same sequence. The inter-strand distances around the CAG site are labeled. d Two orthogonal views highlight structural deviation of the CAG site of the ZMET2-bound DNA from the B-form DNA. The conformational shift is indicated by black arrow. e Geometric parameters for the DNA base steps boxed in (c, d). f Close-up view of the deformed +1-flanking A11·T11′ pair and neighboring orphan G10′ and their protein contacts in the ZMET2-hmCAG-H3_1–32Kc9me2 complex. The water molecule is shown as a red sphere. The hydrogen bonds are shown as dashed lines. g Close-up view of the CTT DNA bound to DRM2 (PDB 7L4C), highlighting the deformation of the +1-flanking A·T pair. DRM2 is shown in gray surface representation. h Phylogenetic analysis of the DNA-intercalation sequence of CMT3. The CMT3 H466-corresponding site is colored by amino acid identity. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.