Table 1:

Comparison between derivation and validation cohorts

Demographics	Derivation cohort (N=398)	Validation Cohort (N=94)	P value
Age (Mean(SD))	59±8	56±7	0.0009
Male sex N (%)	335(84.1%)	54(55%)	<0.0001
Education (Median (IQR))	13 (12, 14)	13 (12, 15)	0.56
CHE on PHES N (%)	201(50.5%)	43(44%)	0.23
MELD score (Mean(SD))	12.5 (5.7)	12.4 (6.0)	0.88
Rifaximin N (%)	152(38%)	28(30%)	0.13
Prior Overt HE N (%)	164(41%)	32(32.2%)	0.11
EncephalApp (Mean (SD)) seconds
Total Off Time	85.5(74.5,101)	78(65,93)	0.0002
Total On Time	103(89,125)	94(78,108)	0.0003
Total OffTime+OnTime	189(163,225)	172 (147,201)	0.0002

CHE: covert hepatic encephalopathy, PHES: psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score, HE: hepatic encephalopathy; all patients with prior HE were on lactulose.