Table 1.

Impact of aquatic-based functional foods on immune system/COVID-19.

Functional component	Action	References
Protein hydrolysate	Immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and anti-hyperglycemic	Roslan et al., 2014; Nasri, 2017; Chakrabarti et al., 2018; Salem et al., 2018; Zamora-Sillero et al., 2018
Peptide	Antihypertensive: prevents activity of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE), antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory	Roslan et al., 2014; Adnan et al., 2017; Nasri, 2017; Balami et al., 2019; Cong et al., 2020; Durand et al., 2020; Narayanasamy et al., 2020
Lipids	Regulating oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory properties	Suleria et al., 2015; Kundam et al., 2018; Calder et al., 2020
Polysaccharides	Immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic	Zhao et al., 2018; Arasukumar et al., 2019; Lakshmana et al., 2019; Sim et al., 2019