FIGURE 2.

High compared with low TMAO concentrations and associations with multiple health outcomes. Estimates are RRs and meta-analyses are based on random-effect models. An I² value ≥50% is considered to indicate substantial heterogeneity. All results are presented as HR with 95% CIs, using the Mantel–Haenszel method with a random-effects model. CRC, colorectal cancer; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events.