Table.
Selected interventions and implementation sites for the Using Evidence-Informed Interventions to Improve Health Outcomes Among People Living With HIV (E2i) initiative, United States, 2017-2021 a
| Intervention name | Care continuum | Intervention description | Site locations (provider types) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Focus area: transgender women | |||
| Healthy Divas 16 | Linkage to care, retention in care, medication adherence | A manualized intervention that empowers transgender women with HIV to accomplish individualized goals related to gender affirmation, HIV care engagement, and medication adherence. The intervention consists of 6 peer-led individual counseling sessions and 1 group workshop. | Birmingham, Alabama (CBO); Oakland, California (CBO); Newark, New Jersey (AMC) |
| Transgender Women Engagement and Entry To (T.W.E.E.T.) Care Project 28 | Linkage to care, retention in care, medication adherence | Peer leaders recruit newly diagnosed or out-of-care transgender women with HIV into weekly small-group educational sessions to learn about HIV care and related health topics. Peer leaders also help participants engage in HIV care and supportive services. Participants who attend multiple sessions are encouraged to become peer leaders. | Detroit, Michigan (hospital); Ponce, Puerto Rico (HC); New Orleans, Louisiana (HC) |
| Focus area: Black men who have sex with men | |||
| Tailored motivational interviewing (TMI) 29 | Linkage to care, retention in care, medication adherence | People with HIV receive brief motivational interviewing sessions from a peer counselor or other provider to improve retention in care and other key behaviors relevant to self-management. | Macon, Georgia (public health department); Fort Lauderdale, Florida (CBO); Jackson, Mississippi (AMC) |
| Client-Oriented New Patient Navigation to Encourage Connection to Treatment (Project CONNECT) 30 | Linkage to care, retention in care | New clients attend an orientation and receive a biopsychosocial assessment led by a linkage coordinator within 5 days of initial contact with the HIV clinic. The linkage coordinator attends each client’s first primary care visit and helps clients stay engaged in care. | Cleveland, Ohio (CBO) |
| Text Messaging Intervention to Improve Antiretroviral Adherence Among HIV-Positive Youth (TXTXT) 31 | Medication adherence | Daily, automated, individually tailored, 2‐way text message reminders and encouragement to take HIV medication. | Detroit, Michigan (CBO); Brooklyn, New York (AMC) |
| Focus area: integrating behavioral health with primary medical care | |||
| Clinic-based buprenorphine treatment 23 | Retention in care, medication adherence | Buprenorphine treatment is integrated within HIV primary care to treat opioid use disorder; delivered in ambulatory or mobile settings. | Ponce, Puerto Rico (HC); Methuen, Massachusetts (HC) |
| Collaborative care management for behavioral health 24 | Retention in care, medication adherence | A team consisting of an HIV primary care clinician, behavioral health provider, and psychiatric consultant provide patient-centered behavioral health care. | Detroit, Michigan (CBO); Baton Rouge, Louisiana (AMC); Washington, DC (HC); Tulsa, Oklahoma (AMC) |
| Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) 32 | Retention in care, medication adherence | Clients are screened for alcohol and drug use disorders, provided a brief counseling intervention (using motivational interviewing or other techniques), and referred for further evaluation and treatment as needed. | Wilton Manors, Florida (CBO); Newark, New Jersey (CBO) |
| Focus area: identifying and addressing trauma | |||
| Cognitive processing therapy 33 | Retention in care, medication adherence | 12 weekly sessions of cognitive–behavioral therapy adapted for people with posttraumatic stress disorder. Reduces distress related to traumatic experiences by challenging cognitive “stuck points,” developing an adaptive narrative about the trauma, and developing coping skills for the future. | Asheville, North Carolina (HC); Decatur, Georgia (CBO) |
| Trauma-Informed Approach and Coordinated HIV Assistance and Navigation for Growth and Empowerment (TIA/CHANGE) | Retention in care, medication adherence | A systems-level change program that uses trauma-informed methods of care to address barriers to care, including mental health problems, addictions, trauma, low levels of health literacy, and lack of support services. | Anchorage, Alaska (hospital); Chicago, Illinois (CBO) |
| Seeking Safety 34 | Retention in care, medication adherence | A flexible, manualized, present-focused, cognitive–behavioral therapy program designed for individuals or groups to attain safety from trauma and addiction. | Boston, Massachusetts (CBO); La Jolla, California (AMC) |
Abbreviations: AMC, academic medical center; CBO, community-based organization; HC, Health Resources & Services Administration Health Center Program grantee.
aE2i is a 4-year initiative funded by the Health Resources & Services Administration HIV/AIDS Bureau to (1) identify intervention strategies to improve HIV health outcomes for transgender women, Black men who have sex with men, and people affected by trauma and behavioral health disorders; (2) pilot the implementation of these intervention strategies to assess their impact in real-world settings; and (3) disseminate the strategies through multimedia toolkits for national rapid replication. 27