Table.

Core elements identified among 4 ^a states that experienced declines in rates of opioid-involved overdose death, 2016-2017 ^b

Core element	Description	Examples
Comprehensive state policies	Policies that support overdose prevention and response efforts implemented at the state level	Good Samaritan laws, mandates for prescription drug monitoring program access and use, laws on access to naloxone and treatment
Strategic planning	Comprehensive planning and coordination of overdose and prevention efforts across various partners and/or levels	Commissions, workgroups, advisory committees
Local engagement	Collaboration between state organizations and local counterparts	Technical assistance, trainings, dissemination of interventions
Data access, capacity, and dissemination	Efforts to share data on trends and inform overdose prevention and response efforts	Data aggregation and linkage, web-based dashboards, quarterly reports
Targeted training for professional audiences	Audience-specific training materials and interventions tailored to overdose prevention and response efforts	Health care providers, pharmacists, law enforcement officers, first responders
Treatment infrastructure	Efforts to ensure adequate treatment supplies, staff members, and systems	Reduced barriers, increased capacity
Harm reduction	Efforts to prevent overdose and overdose-related harms among people who use drugs	Naloxone access and distribution, syringe services programs

^aNew Hampshire, New Mexico, Massachusetts, and Utah.

^bDefined as programmatic activities occurring in all 4 program narratives.