Table 2.

Efficacy of solutions based on ethanol and 2-propanol from quantitative suspension tests against non-enveloped viruses (sufficient efficacy is defined for ≥ 4 log₁₀ reduction or up to test detection limit)

Species	Strain, type	Alcohol content/necessary exposure time		References
		Ethanol	2-propanol
Adenovirus	Type 3	77–83%c/1 min	90%b/5 mind,e	[16, 25]
	Type 5	80a/30 s		[17]
	Type 7	77–83%c/1 min		[25]
	Type 8		70%c/2 mine	[26]
Coxsackievirus	A16	90%c/5 mind	90%/60 mind,e	[16]
	B1	60%b/10 mind	95%c/10 mind,e	[27]
	B2	85%c/30 s Ø	90%c/1 he	[28]
	B3	90%c/15 secf	90%c/1 he
	B4	60%c/100 s	90%c/1 he
	B5	77–83%b/1 min, 90%b/10 s, 80%b/30 s	90%/60 mind,e	[16, 25]
Echovirus	Type 6	50%c/10 mind	90%c/10 mind	[27]
	Type 7	80%c/1 min, 90%c/30 s	90%/60 mind,e	[16]
	Type 11	95%b/20 s–1 min, 80%b/90%b/15 mind	90b%/15 mind,e	[29–31]
	Type 12	70%b/80%b, 90%b/15 mind	90%b/ 15 mind,e	[30]
Feline Calicivirus	Strain F9 (ATCC VR-782)		50%b/ 70%b, 90b/5 mind,e	[32]
Human enterovirus	Type 70	70%, 80%, 90%c/10 s	70%, 80%, 90%b/60 mind	[16]
	Type 71	80%b/1 min, 90%b/30 s	90%b/60 mind,e	[16, 21]
Hepatitis A virus (HAV)	HM175/24a	80–95%a/2 min		[33]
Murine Norovirus	Strain S99 Berlin	80%/30 s 72.4%b (6 mL)/30 s, 86%b (3 mL)/30 s, 89.5b (3 mL)/15 resp. 30 s		[17, 20]
	Type 1	70–90%b/ 30 s	70%b/5mind	[1]
Poliovirus	Type 1	73.5%a/10 mind, 80%c/30 s, 80%b/1 min, 90%c/10 s, 90%b/1 min, 95%a/30 s	70%b / 10 mind,e 80%b and 95%b / 10 mind,e 60–90%b/15 mind,e, 90%/60 mind,e	[16, 20, 21, 27, 30, 34–36]
Polyomavirus	SV 40	78.2%a/10 mind,e		[37]
	HPV16 pseudo-virus	60%, 70%c/5 mind	60%, 70%c/5 mind,e	[38]
Rhinovirus	Type 2	80%c/3–60 mind,e		[39]
Rotavirus	Wa	85%a/30 s		[40]

^aw/w

^bv/v

^cUnclear whether w/w or v/v

^dThe exposure time is not feasible in practice

^eNon-active concentration contact time ratio

^f3log₁₀ reduction