Table 2.
Change in outcomes from baseline to 3-month follow-up among participants in digitally delivered exercise and education treatment for LBP.a Results are for total sample (N=2593) and for subgroups with ≥80% (n=1796) and ≥90% adherence (n=1300).
|
|
Baseline | 3-month follow-up | Change | ||
| LBP, NRSb | |||||
|
|
Mean (95% CI) | ||||
|
|
|
Total sample | 4.9 (4.8 to 5.0) | 3.2 (3.1 to 3.3) | –1.7 (–1.8 to –1.6) |
|
|
|
≥80% adherence | 4.9 (4.8 to 5.0) | 3.0 (2.9 to 3.1) | –1.8 (–1.9 to –1.8) |
|
|
|
≥90% adherence | 4.9 (4.8 to 5.0) | 3.0 (2.9 to 3.1) | –1.9 (–2.0 to –1.8) |
|
|
Median (Qc 1-Q3) | ||||
|
|
|
Total sample | 5.0 (3.0 to 6.0) | 3.0 (2.0 to 4.0) | –2.00 |
|
|
|
≥80% adherence | 5.0 (3.0 to 6.0) | 3.0 (2.0 to 4.0) | –2.00 |
|
|
|
≥90% adherence | 5.0 (3.0 to 6.0) | 3.0 (2.0 to 4.0) | –2.00 |
| ODId | |||||
|
|
Mean (95% CI) | ||||
|
|
|
Total sample | 25.5 (25.0 to 26.0) | 21.4 (20.9 to 21.9) | –4.1 (–4.5 to –3.7) |
|
|
|
≥80% adherence | 25.3 (24.7 to 25.9) | 21.0 (20.4 to 21.6) | –4.3 (–4.8 to –3.9) |
|
|
|
≥90% adherence | 25.3 (24.6 to 26.0) | 20.9 (20.2 to 21.6 | –4.4 (–4.9 to –3.8) |
|
|
Median (95% CI) | ||||
|
|
|
Total sample | 24.0 (16.0 to 34.0) | 20.0 (12.0 to 30.0) | –4.00 |
|
|
|
≥80% adherence | 24.0 (16.0 to 34.0) | 20.0 (12.0 to 30.0) | –4.00 |
|
|
|
≥90% adherence | 24.0 (16.0 to 34.0) | 20.0 (12.0 to 30.0) | –4.00 |
| Radiating pain, NRS | |||||
|
|
Mean (95% CI) | ||||
|
|
|
Total sample | 2.3 (2.2 to 2.4) | 1.7 (1.6 to 1.8) | –0.6 (–0.7 to –0.5) |
|
|
|
≥80% adherence | 2.3 (2.2 to 2.4) | 1.6 (1.5 to 1.7) | –0.7 (–0.6 to –0.8) |
|
|
|
≥90% adherence | 2.3 (2.2 to 2.4) | 1.6 (1.5 to 1.7) | –0.7 (–0.6 to –0.8) |
|
|
Median (95% CI) | ||||
|
|
|
Total sample | 2.0 (0.0 to 4.0) | 1.0 (0.0 to 3.0) | –1.00 |
|
|
|
≥80% adherence | 2.0 (0.0 to 4.0) | 1.0 (0.0 to 3.0) | –1.00 |
|
|
|
≥90% adherence | 2.0 (0.0 to 4.0) | 1.0 (0.0 to 3.0) | –1.00 |
| Reaching an MCICe in LBP, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Total sample | N/Af | 1517 (58.50) | N/A | |
|
|
≥80% adherence | N/A | 1124 (62.58) | N/A | |
|
|
≥90% adherence | N/A | 833 (64.08) | N/A | |
| Reaching an MCIC in ODI, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Total sample | N/A | 946 (36.48) | N/A | |
|
|
≥80% adherence | N/A | 671 (37.36) | N/A | |
|
|
≥90% adherence | N/A | 484 (37.23) | N/A | |
| Patient acceptable symptom state, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Total sample | 513 (19.78) | 1199 (46.24) | 787 (30.35)g | |
|
|
≥80% adherence | 363 (20.21) | 852 (47.44) | 556 (30.96)g | |
|
|
≥90% adherence | 279 (21.26) | 647 (49.77) | 419 (32.23)g | |
| Considered treatment failed, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Total sample | N/A | 117 (4.51) | N/A | |
|
|
≥80% adherence | N/A | 75 (4.18) | N/A | |
|
|
≥90% adherence | N/A | 44 (3.38) | N/A | |
| Adverse events yes, n (%) | 63 (2.43) |
|
|||
|
|
Event type, n (%) | ||||
|
|
|
Pain more than 24 h | N/A | 16 (25.81) | N/A |
|
|
|
Fall/injury | N/A | 1 (1.61) | N/A |
|
|
|
Other | N/A | 45 (72.58) | N/A |
aLBP: low back pain.
bNRS: numerical rating scale; score range 0 to 10 (best to worst).
cQ: quartile.
dODI: Oswestry Disability Index; 0% to 100% (no disability to a great deal of disability).
eMCIC: minimal clinically important change; taken from Ostelo et al (26); pain NRS = absolute improvement of ≥2 points or relative improvement of 30%; ODI = absolute improvement ≥10 points or relative improvement of 30%.
fN/A: not applicable.
gChange in patient acceptable symptom state refers to the proportion that changed from no at baseline to yes at 3-month follow-up.