Table 1.
Baseline demographics, comorbidities and diuretic use in people newly diagnosed with gout, separated by sex. Data are presented as mean (standard deviation) for continuous measures, and n (%) for categorical measures. CKD: chronic kidney disease; TIA: transient ischaemic attack. Baseline serum urate levels were available for 80,054 patients (male patients: n = 56,963; female patients: n=23,091).
| Total | Male | Female | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 129,972 | N = 94,610 | N = 35,362 | |
| Age at diagnosis, years | 62 (15) | 59 (15) | 69 (14) |
| Country: | |||
| England | 69,129 (53.2%) | 50,897 (53.8%) | 18,232 (51.6%) |
| Wales | 28,180 (21.7%) | 20,387 (21.5%) | 7793 (22.0%) |
| Scotland | 26,154 (20.1%) | 18,706 (19.8%) | 7448 (21.1%) |
| Northern Ireland | 6509 (5.0%) | 4620 (4.9%) | 1889 (5.3%) |
| Number of comorbidities at diagnosis | 1.5 (1.4) | 1.3 (1.3) | 2.0 (1.4) |
| CKD stages 3-5 | |||
| No | 97,103 (74.7%) | 76,665 (81.0%) | 20,438 (57.8%) |
| Yes | 32,869 (25.3%) | 17,945 (19.0%) | 14,924 (42.2%) |
| Hypertension | |||
| No | 68,106 (52.4%) | 55,387 (58.5%) | 12,719 (36.0%) |
| Yes | 61,866 (47.6%) | 39,223 (41.5%) | 22,643 (64.0%) |
| Diabetes mellitus | |||
| No | 114,309 (87.9%) | 85,144 (90.0%) | 29,165 (82.5%) |
| Yes | 15,663 (12.1%) | 9466 (10.0%) | 6197 (17.5%) |
| Ischaemic heart disease | |||
| No | 109,817 (84.5%) | 80,348 (84.9%) | 29,469 (83.3%) |
| Yes | 20,155 (15.5%) | 14,262 (15.1%) | 5893 (16.7%) |
| Heart failure | |||
| No | 121,084 (93.2%) | 88,836 (93.9%) | 32,248 (91.2%) |
| Yes | 8888 (6.8%) | 5774 (6.1%) | 3114 (8.8%) |
| Previous stroke or TIA | |||
| No | 122,200 (94.0%) | 89,570 (94.7%) | 32,630 (92.3%) |
| Yes | 7772 (6.0%) | 5040 (5.3%) | 2732 (7.7%) |
| Obesity | |||
| No | 79,364 (61.1%) | 60,044 (63.5%) | 19,320 (54.6%) |
| Yes | 50,608 (38.9%) | 34,566 (36.5%) | 16,042 (45.4%) |
| Urolithiasis | |||
| No | 127,259 (97.9%) | 92,432 (97.7%) | 34,827 (98.5%) |
| Yes | 2713 (2.1%) | 2178 (2.3%) | 535 (1.5%) |
| Current/ex-smoker | |||
| No | 48,550 (37.4%) | 34,953 (36.9%) | 13,597 (38.5%) |
| Yes | 81,422 (62.6%) | 59,657 (63.1%) | 21,765 (61.5%) |
| Alcohol excess | |||
| No | 121,975 (93.8%) | 87,823 (92.8%) | 34,152 (96.6%) |
| Yes | 7997 (6.2%) | 6787 (7.2%) | 1210 (3.4%) |
| Diuretic therapy | |||
| No | 82,986 (63.8%) | 67,916 (71.8%) | 15,070 (42.6%) |
| Yes | 46,986 (36.2%) | 26,694 (28.2%) | 20,292 (57.4%) |
| Baseline serum urate level, µmol/L | 472 | 480 | 452 |