Table 2. Association of Physical Activity Pattern With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality.

Outcomes	Deaths	Participants	HR (95% CI)			E valued
			Model 1a	Model 2b	Model 3c
All-cause mortality
Inactive	14 943	190 080	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
Weekend warrior	512	9992	0.92 (0.83-1.02)	0.92 (0.83-1.02)	0.92 (0.83-1.02)	NA
Regularly active	6443	150 906	0.85 (0.83-0.88)	0.85 (0.82-0.88)	0.85 (0.82-0.88)	1.63
CVD mortality
Inactive	2961	190 080	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
Weekend warrior	89	9992	0.87 (0.66-1.15)	0.87 (0.66-1.15)	0.87 (0.65-1.14)	NA
Regularly active	1080	150 906	0.77 (0.71-0.84)	0.77 (0.71-0.84)	0.76 (0.69-0.84)	1.92
Cancer mortality
Inactive	3962	190 080	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
Weekend warrior	143	9992	0.94 (0.77-1.15)	0.94 (0.77-1.15)	0.94 (0.77-1.14)	NA
Regularly active	1929	150 906	0.88 (0.83-0.94)	0.89 (0.83-0.95)	0.88 (0.82-0.94)	1.53

Abbreviations: CVD, cardiovascular disease; HR, hazard ratio; NA, not applicable/calculated.

^a Adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, education, income, marital status, smoking, alcohol intake, self-rated health, psychological distress, number of comorbidities, and mobility.

^b Model 1 + body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared).

^c Model 1 + total volume of physical activity.

^d The E value is the minimum strength of association, on the risk ratio scale, that an unmeasured confounder would need to have with both the treatment and outcome, conditional on the measured covariates, to explain away a treatment-outcome association.