Table 2.
Subtype-specific antibodies detected from laughing gulls sampled at Delaware Bay, NJ as determined by microneutralization (MN) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests.
| MN |
HI |
|||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | H5 | H6 | H7 | H8 | H9 | H10 | H11 | H12 | H14 | H15 | H13 | H16 |
| 2010 | 1/15 (6)A | 0/15 B | 0/15 | 0/15 | 4/15 (23) | 3/15C (17) | 0/15 | 0/15 | 5/15 (29) | 1/15 (6) | 5/15 (29) | 0/15 | 1/15 | 0/15 | NT | NT |
| 2011 | 1/5 (20) | 0/5 | 0/5 | 0/5 | 1/5 (20) | 1/5 (20) | 0/5 | 0/5 | 1/5 (20) | 0/5 | 1/5 (20) | 0/5 | 0/5 | 0/5 | NT | NT |
| 2012 | 2/9 (22) | 1/9 (11) | 0/9 | 0/9 | 1/9 (11) | 1/9 (11) | 0/9 | 0/9 | 2/9 (40) | 0/9 | 2 (40) | 0/9 | 0/9 | 0/9 | 2/9 (22) | 4/9 (44) |
| 2013 | 19/49 (39) | 0/49 | 2/49 (4) | 1/49 (4) | 14/49 (29) | 22/49 (45) | 3/49 (6) | 3/49 (4) | 27/49 (55) | 0/49 | 27/49 (55) | 3/49 (6) | 0/49 | 0/49 | 3/47 (6) | 9/47 (18) |
| 2014 | 2/26 (8) | 0/26 | 0/26 | 0/26 | 6/26 (23) | 9/26 (35) | 2/26 (4) | 0/26 | 9/26 (35) | 2/26 (4) | 9/26 (35) | 0/26 | 0/26 | 0/26 | 10/26 (38) | 7/26 (27) |
| Total (%) | 25/104 (24) | 1/104 (1) | 2/104 (2) | 1/104 (1) | 26/104 (25) | 36/104 (35) | 5/104 (5) | 4/104 (4) | 35/104 (33) | 3/104 (3) | 44/104 (42) | 3/104 (3) | 1/104 (1) | 0/104 (0) | 15/82 (12) | 20/82 (24) |
A
Number positive/number tested (% positive). All tested sera also tested positive on bELISA for antibodies to type A influenza virus.
B
Italicized data indicate the presence of that subtype in avian influenza virus isolates from shorebirds, primarily ruddy turnstones, sampled at the same time.
C
Boldface italicized data represent the predominant HA subtype detected that year in shorebirds.