Table 2.
Comparison of Intestinal Permeability, Systemic Endotoxemia, and Systemic Inflammatory Markers Among Studied Patients.
| Parameters | Group 1 Control (n = 20) |
Group 2 NAFLD (n = 34) |
Group 3 ALD (n = 28) | P value | Pairwise comparison |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 vs. 2 |
Group 1 vs. 3 |
Group 2 vs. 3 |
|||||
| LMR | 0.027 (0.021–0.045) | 0.054 (0.037–0.17) | 0.043 (0.03–0.068) | 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.019 | 0.19 |
| IgM anti-endotoxin antibody (MMU/mL) |
155.3 | 72.9 | 120.6 | 0.028 | 0.021 | 0.36 | 0.042 |
| (23.8–442.9) | (3.2–1089.5) | (20.1–728) | |||||
| IgG anti-endotoxin antibody (GMU/mL) |
138 | 264.4 | 215 | 0.95 | 0.28 | 0.3 | 1 |
| (0–2460.4) | (0–3555.6) | (0–3176.4) | |||||
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 16.1 (10.8–33.3) | 53.3 (24.5–115) | 12.3 (10.1–42.7) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.91 | <0.001 |
| IL-1 (pg/mL) | 13.61 (3.79–43.6) | 57.3 (30.54–95.5) | 58.19 (28.55–92.28) | 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.0057 | 0.99 |
Data is expressed in Mean ± SD and Median (inter-quartile range) format. P < 0.05 is significant. LMR, Lactulose Mannitol ratio; TNF- α, Tumor Necrosis Factor – α; IL-1, Interleukin-1.